Atoms, Elements and Compounds Flashcards

1
Q

Atoms

A

Atoms are the smallest particle of a chemical element that can exist

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2
Q

Element

A

Elements are substances that are composed of a single type of atom.

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3
Q

Masses of subatomic particles

A

Protons have a relative mass of 1
Neutrons have a relative mass of 1
Electrons have a negligible relative mass of 1/1840, which is essentially zero.

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4
Q

Isotopes

A

Isotopes are atoms with the same proton number but different neutron numbers.

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5
Q

Compounds

A

They are substances which are formed when two or more elements chemically combine together

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6
Q

Mixtures

A

They are substances which are formed when two or more elements phisically combine together

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7
Q

Ionic bond

A

It is a bond between metals(cations) and non metals(anions). It is an intra-molecular force

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8
Q

Covalent bond

A

It is sharing electrons between non metals(anions) and non metals(anions). It is an inter-molecular force

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9
Q

Inter-molecular forces

A

Inter-molecular forces are weak forces that exist between one molecule to another. They have low volatility

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10
Q

Intra-molecular forces

A

Intra-molecular forces are strong forces that exists between atoms within the molecule. They have high volatility

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11
Q

Melting or boiling a substance breaks what type of force

A

Inter-molecular forces

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12
Q

Volatility

A

Melting or boiling point

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13
Q

Examples of macromolecules

A

Diamond, graphite and silicon(IV)oxide

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14
Q

Metallic bonding

A

Metallic bonding defined as the electrostatic forces of attraction between cations and their surrounding sea of electrons.

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15
Q

Properties of ionic bond

A

They are soluble in water
They conduct electricity in molten or aqueous state
They are solid at room temperature
They have high melting and boiling points

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16
Q

Properties of covalent bonds

A

They are insoluble in water but soluble in organic compounds
They do conduct electricity
They are liquid at room temperature
They have low melting and boiling points compared to ionic compounds

17
Q

Lattice

A

A regular three dimensional arrangement of atoms