The Periodic Table

Question 1

Physical characteristics of metals

Answer 1

High melting and boiling points
Solid at room temperature (except mercury)
Good conductors of heat and electricity
Hard and high densities (except group one metals)
Malleable and ductile
Sonorous

Question 2

Physical characteristics of non metals

Answer 2

Low melting and boiling points
Poor conductors of heat and electricity (except graphite)
Soft and low densities
Brittle (except graphite)
Not sonorous

Question 3

Chemical characteristics of metals

Answer 3

1,2 or 3 valence electrons. They are lost to form cations
They form ionic compounds with non metals
Metal oxides are usually basic
Metals react with dilute acid to form salt and hydrogen

Question 4

Chemical characteristics of non metals

Answer 4

4, 5, 6 or 7 valence electrons. They gain electrons to form anions or share electrons through covalent bonding
They form ionic compounds with metals or covalent bonds with non metals
Non metal oxides are usually acidic
They do not react with acids

Question 5

Chlorine

Answer 5

It is a green gas

Question 6

Bromine

Answer 6

It is a brown liquid

Question 7

Iodine

Answer 7

It is a black solid

Question 8

Physical properties of transition elements

Answer 8

Compared to groups I and II, they have higher densities and melting points. They are also harder and stronger.

Question 9

Chemical properties of transition elements

Answer 9

They do not react with cold water but many react when heated in steam
They have more than one valency
They form coloured compounds

Question 10

Why is helium used in balloons

Answer 10

The balloon will float because helium is less dense than air and also safer because they cannot catch fire due to their unreactiveness