Neuro - Food/Reward/Sleep Flashcards
what are endogenous opioids and name some
neuropeptides:
enkephalins
endorphins
dynorphins
what are the opioid receptor sub-types
mu
kappa
delta
what type of receptors are opioid receptors
G-protein coupled receptors
what are the agonists and antagonists of opioid receptors
agonist - morphine
antagonist - nalaxone
what are endogenous endocannabinoids and name some
lipid molecules:
anandamide
2-AG
what type of receptors are cannabinoid receptors and what are the sub-types
G-protein coupled receptors
CB1 - predominantly expressed in CNS
CB2
what happens when opioid signalling is blocked to one hedonic hotspot in the brain while simultaneously stimulating another hotspot and what does this show
enhanced liking is suppressed
recruitment of other hotspots is required for enhanced liking
disturbance of one hotspot can disturb the whole circuit
what neurones are co-localising in the nucleus accumbens and to what purpose
CB1 and mu receptors
coordinate release of neurotransmitter
what is the new hypothesis of dopamine in the liking system
dopamine is required for motivation to seek out reward
what are the effects of 6-OHDA lesions
did not effect pleasure but suppressed wanting
what is the function of the lateral hypothalamic area and why is this important
allows for cross-talk between the reward and homeostatic systems
communication between these 2 systems allows coordination of appetite and motivation
what is the primary signalling molecule in the lateral hypothalamic area
orexin neurones
what occurs during non-REM sleep
reduced physiological activity
shift to parasympathetic activity
thermoregulation is maintained
what is the difference in occurrance of REM/deep sleep
REM sleep occurs most later in the sleep
most deep sleep occurs early
how does REM sleep suppress somatosensory responses
GABA inhibits cell in the dorsal column nuclei
results in diminished response to somatosensory nuclei
