hypertension

Question 1

JNC7 hypertension guidelines

Answer 1

goal: lower systolic BP <140, diastolic <90
based on 2 or more BP readings taken during 2 or more contacts with healthcare providers

Question 2

essential (primary hypertension)

Answer 2

no known cause, associated with obesity, smoking, family history, excessive sodium or alcohol, stress, ethnicity, gender

Question 3

secondary hypertension

Answer 3

specific disease states (identifiable causes such as kidney disease or certain medications)

Question 4

malignant hypertension

Answer 4

severe increase in BP with rapid progression
ages 30-50
systolic may be greater than 200

Question 5

pulmonary hypertension

Answer 5

vasoconstriction of the pulmonary arterial circulation creates high pulmonary artery pressure
increased vascular resistance
poor tissue perfusion, hypoxemia, may get right sided heart failure

Question 6

rebound hypertension

Answer 6

occurs when there is an abrupt discontinuation of antihypertensive meds

Question 7

isolated systolic hypertension

Answer 7

a condition most commonly seen in the older adult
systolic pressure is greater than 140 mm Hg and diastolic is within normal limits (less than 90 mm Hg)
more energy needed for circulation

Question 8

hypertensive urgency

Answer 8

high BP
NO EVIDENCE OF TARGET ORGAN DAMAGE
fast acting oral agents, normalize BP within 24-48 hours