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bacteriology > Gram-Positive Bacilli,Aerobic, Spore-forming, Catalase-Postive, Non-branching > Flashcards

Gram-Positive Bacilli,Aerobic, Spore-forming, Catalase-Postive, Non-branching Flashcards

1
Q

The species only form endospores aerobically

A

Bacillus

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2
Q

The species are motile with peritrichous flagella except for

A

Bacillus anthracis and Bacillus mycoides

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3
Q

The species can survive in extreme environmental conditions due to their endospores

A

Bacillus

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4
Q

Microscopy: Large, boxcar-shaped, Gram-positive rods with clear, unstained, central spores or
―”empty spaces”

A

Bacillus

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5
Q

The most clinicall significant species include:

A

B. anthracis, B.cereus, B. thuringiensis, and B.
mycoides

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6
Q

Biochemical test: (+) Catalase; ferments glucose; hydrolyzes starch

A

Bacillus

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7
Q

It is the causative agent of anthrax

A

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

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8
Q

It is not part of the indigenous human microbiota
 It can grow aerobically or anaerobically

A

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

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9
Q

It is not highly contagious

A

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

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10
Q

 It is non-motile and is considered as a halophilic organism that can withstand up to 7% NaCl

A

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

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11
Q

It can be used as a biological weapon of mass destruction, and therefore a vital concern in the
campaign against global terrorism

A

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

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12
Q

it grows in a low-pH (<6.0) environment, produces lecithinase, and ferments WHAT?

A

GLUCOSE- Bacillus anthracis

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13
Q

Microscopy: Gram positive, large, encapsulated, and square-ended rod; has a ―”bamboo fishing
rod” appearance on the unstained central spore

A

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

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14
Q

BAP-Colonies have a ―”Medusa head” appearance with swirling projections; are non-hemolytic‘ and gain a ―be

A

Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax Bacillus)

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15
Q

Growth factor of B. anthracis

A

Thiamine B1

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16
Q

It gains a ―”string of pearls” appearance when penicillin, to which it is susceptible, is used

A

Bacillus anthracis

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17
Q

It is a disease that primarily affects animals, such as goats and sheeps, by
feeding on plants that are contaminated with spores

A

Anthrax

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18
Q

Microscopy: Gram positive, large, encapsulated, and square-ended rod; has a ―bamboo fishing
rod‖ appearance on the unstained central spore

A

B.anthrax

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19
Q

Three forms of anthrax:
It is characterized by the appearance of a ―”black eschar” which is a black,
necrotic, and painless central area that does not produce pus

A

Cutaneous anthrax

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20
Q

Three forms of anthrax:
It is acquired through skin cuts and abrasions
A small papule appears at the site of the spore inoculation two to five
days after exposure

A

Cutaneous anthrax

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21
Q

Pulmonary Anthrax is also known as?

A

Woolsorter’s Disease

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22
Q

It is acquired when spores are inhaled into the pulmonary parenchyma
It resembles an upper respiratoy tract infection
Signs and symtoms: Mild fever, fatigue, malaise, and dyspnea

A

Pulmonary anthrax

23
Q

Spores are inoculated into a lesion on the intestinal mucosa following
their ingestion
Signs and symptom: Abdominal pain, nausea, anorexia, vomiting and
bloody diarrhea

A

Gastrointestinal anthrax

24
Q

is typically isolated from normally sterile sites such as blood, lung tissue, and CSF

A

B. anthracis

25
Q

Processing of samples for B. anthracis should be done in a biological safety cabinet with

A

biosafety level 3

26
Q

Spore stains of B. anthracis

A

Malachite green and McFadyean stain

27
Q

Capsule stain of b. antracis

A

India ink

28
Q

is recommended for identification of B. anthracis in fecal specimens

A

Phenylethyl Alcohol Agar

29
Q

are used in isolating Bacillus species from contaminated specimens

A

phenylethyl alcohol (PEA), polymyxin-lysozyme-EDTA-thallous acetate (PLET)

30
Q

is used to determine if the B. anthracis has produced lecithinase, in which case the
medium will have an opaque zone

A

Egg yolk Agar

31
Q

What medium is utilized to observe the ―”inverted-pine-tree” of ?

A

Gelatin medium; Bacillus anthracis

32
Q

Diagnostic Test for Bacillus anthracis
It detects thermostable anthrax antigens
It uses rabbit antiserum to observe precipitin formation

A

. Ascoli test (precipitin test)

33
Q

Differentiates Bacillus species (catalase-positive) from Clostridium species (-)

A

Catalase Test

34
Q

Gives variable results

A

Oxidase Test

35
Q

Positive cell wall polysaccharide and capsule antigen

A

Direct fluorescent antibody test

36
Q

“Fried rice’ bacillus

A

Bacillus cereus

37
Q

It causes food poisoning due to the ingestion of contaminated cooked rice dishes (typical
source) or other food products

A

Bacillus cereus

38
Q

It is the most commonly encountered Bacillus species in opportunistic infections that causes eye
and ear infections
It exhibits motility and resistance to penicillin

A

Bacillus cereus

39
Q

: BAP-colonies are large and feathery; have a spreading growth; have a ―”frosted-glass”
appearance; and are Beta hemolytic

A

Bacillus cereus

40
Q

Best specimen for testing Bacillus cereus

A

Suspected food (greater than or equal 10^5
cells/gram)

41
Q

2 types of food poisoning or gastroenteritis:
It is associated with the ingestion of contaminated meat, poultry, and vegetables
 Incubation period: 8 to 16 hours
 Symptoms: Abdominal pain and watery diarrhea without fever
 (+) Production of heat-labile enterotoxin

A

Diarrheal type

42
Q

Emetic Type food poisoning is caused by?

A

Bacillus cereus Type 1

43
Q

2 types of food poisoning or gastroenteritis:
It is associated with the ingestion of improperly stored cooked rice.
 It is caused by B. cereus type 1
 Incubation period: One to 6 hours
Symptoms: Abdominal cramps and profuse vomiting
 (+) Production of heat-stable enterotoxin

A

Emetic type

44
Q

It is the most commonly encountered laboratory contaminant

A

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

45
Q

It is a halophilic organism that can tolerate up to 7% NaCl

A

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

46
Q

It is the source of the bacitracin antibiotic

A

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

47
Q

It can cause an eye infection among prohibited drug users

A

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

48
Q

: BAP-colonies are larhe. Flat and dull with a “ground glass appearance”; may be Bhemolytic; and may exhibit pigment atoms

A

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

49
Q

Biochemical test: Ferments mannitol, xylose, and arabinose

A

Bacillus subtilis ( Hay Bacllus)

50
Q

It is used as a biological indicator in sterilization methods

A

Bacillus pumilus

51
Q

Culture; BAP-Colonies are large and moist; have a “blister-like appearance” and can be Beta
hemolytic

A

Bacillus pumilus

52
Q

It is an insect pathogen

A

Bacillus thuringiensis

53
Q

 It produces parasporal crystals that can be utilized as a pesticide

A

Bacillus thuringiensis

bacteriology (17 decks)

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