18.Tribal Movements in India

Question 1

What were the main activities of Tribal households?

Answer 1

The main activities of Tribal households were shifting agriculture, hunting, fishing, and gathering.

Question 2

What led to the loss of lands for Tribals?

Answer 2

The influx of non-tribals into tribal lands introduced settled agriculture, which led to the loss of lands for Tribals.

Question 3

How did the introduction of moneylenders worsen the conditions of Tribals?

Answer 3

The introduction of moneylenders in tribal areas exploited the Tribals, worsening their conditions.

Question 4

What replaced the Joint Ownership system in tribal populations?

Answer 4

Private Ownership replaced the Joint Ownership system in tribal populations.

Question 5

How did the influx of non-tribals impact tribal societies?

Answer 5

The influx of non-tribals led to the emergence of socio-economic differentiation in tribal societies, which were traditionally egalitarian.

Question 6

What role did the Forest Department play in tribal movements?

Answer 6

The Forest Department, established by the government, aimed to control the rich resources of Indian forests and established a government monopoly over forested land.

Question 7

How did the entry of Christian Missionaries impact tribal culture?

Answer 7

Christian Missionaries started converting tribal people into Christians, leading to the erosion of tribal culture.

Question 8

What were some of the restrictions imposed on tribal practices?

Answer 8

Restrictions were imposed on the use of forest produce, timber, grazing, shifting agriculture, and hunting practices.

Question 9

When did the Peasant Uprising of Rangpur, Bengal take place?

Answer 9

The Peasant Uprising of Rangpur, Bengal took place in the year 1783.

Question 10

Why were the peasants upset during the uprising?

Answer 10

The peasants were upset because they were forced to grow certain crops as ordered by the British Raj Government Officials.

Question 11

How did the peasants react when their complaints were ignored?

Answer 11

When their complaints were ignored, the peasants took matters into their own hands and resorted to violence.

Question 12

Who led the peasants during the uprising?

Answer 12

The peasants were led by Dirjinarain during the uprising.

Question 13

Whom did the peasants attack during the uprising?

Answer 13

The peasants attacked local storekeepers who had strong links with the contractors and also targeted a few Government officials.

Question 14

How did the Britishers suppress the revolt?

Answer 14

The Britishers managed to suppress the revolt by utilizing their immense military and monetary power.

Question 15

Which region is associated with the Bhil Revolt?

Answer 15

The Bhil Revolt took place in the region of Khandesh, which is located in present-day Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh in India.

Question 16

When did the Britishers enter the territory of the Bhils, leading to the revolt?

Answer 16

The Britishers entered the Bhil territory in 1818, which sparked the Bhil Revolt.

Question 17

What were the main grievances of the Bhils during the revolt?

Answer 17

The Bhils were aggrieved by the encroachment of their territory by the Britishers, which resulted in famine and exploitation of the local population.

Question 18

What were the main grievances of the Bhils during the revolt?

Answer 18

The Bhils were aggrieved by the encroachment of their territory by the Britishers, which resulted in famine and exploitation of the local population.

Question 19

Who led the Bhil Revolt?

Answer 19

The Bhil Revolt was led by a leader named Sewaram.

Question 20

Did the Bhils revolt only once?

Answer 20

No, the Bhils revolted multiple times. They revolted again in 1825, 1831, and 1846, showing their persistent resistance against the British intrusion.

Question 21

Who assisted the Bhils in their fight for a Bhil Raj in south Rajasthan?

Answer 21

Who assisted the Bhils in their fight for a Bhil Raj in south Rajasthan?

Question 22

When did the Chuar uprising occur?

Answer 22

The Chuar uprising took place between 1766 and 1809.

Question 23

In which region did the Chuar uprising occur?

Answer 23

The Chuar uprising occurred in the Jungle Mahal region of West Bengal, specifically in the villages of Midnapore, Bankura, and Manbhum.

Question 24

What were the main causes of the Chuar uprising?

Answer 24

The Chuar uprising was a response to the exploitative land revenue policies of the East India Company, which threatened the economic livelihoods of the tribals in the region. The lack of productive resources in the forested area made it difficult for the tribals to generate sufficient money to pay the revenue.

Question 25

Who was the leader of the Chuar uprising?

Answer 25

Durjan Singh, a zamindar, was the leader of the Chuar uprising.

Question 26

How did the British respond to the Chuar uprising?

Answer 26

In 1799, the British violently suppressed the Chuar uprising.

Question 27

Where did the Paharias Rebellion take place?

Answer 27

The Paharias Rebellion occurred in the Chhota Nagpur region.

Question 28

What was the state of independence of the Paharias before the arrival of the British?

Answer 28

Due to their geographical isolation, the Paharias had preserved their independence before the British arrived.

Question 29

Why did the Paharias frequently invade the plains populated by settled agriculturists?

Answer 29

The Paharias invaded the plains to establish control over the established populations and secure resources, especially during times of famine when their means of existence were insufficient.

Question 30

How did the British respond to the Paharias?

Answer 30

The British launched an onslaught on the Paharias in the 1770s, with the intention of tracking them down and eliminating them.

Question 31

Who was the leader of the Paharias uprising in 1778?

Answer 31

Raja Jagganath was the leader of the Paharias uprising in 1778.

Question 32

How did the British respond to the Paharias Rebellion?

Answer 32

The British initiated a pacification campaign in the 1780s to subdue the Paharias.

Question 33

When was Chota Nagpur surrendered to the British East India Company?

Answer 33

Chota Nagpur was surrendered to the British East India Company in 1765.

Question 34

Which tribal group revolted against the occupation of Singhbhum by the British in 1820?

Answer 34

The Ho tribals, organized by the Raja of Parahat, revolted against the occupation of Singhbhum in 1820.

Question 35

What was the cause of the Kol uprising, which lasted from 1831 to 1833?

Answer 35

The Kol uprising was caused by the newly implemented farming revenue policy and the entry of Bengalis into the region, which was protested by the Ho and Munda tribes.

Question 36

Who was the main figure of the revolt during the Ho and Munda uprisings?

Answer 36

The great tribal revolutionary, Birsa Munda, was the main figure of the revolt.

Question 37

How did the British respond to the Ho and Munda uprisings?

Answer 37

The British put down the revolts with difficulty, deploying several hundred forces. They also invaded Singhbhum and took action to suppress the unrest.

Question 38

When was the unrest in the region finally put to an end?

Answer 38

The unrest was put to an end by 1859 after troops were dispatched to suppress the rebellion in 1857.

Question 39

Where did the Munda Rebellion (Ulgulan Revolt) take place?

Answer 39

The Munda Rebellion (Ulgulan Revolt) took place in the Chotanagpur Region near Ranchi.

Question 40

When did Birsa Munda organize a rebellion against British rule?

Answer 40

Birsa Munda organized a rebellion against British rule in 1894.

Question 41

What was the main slogan of the rebellion led by Birsa Munda?

Answer 41

The main slogan of the rebellion led by Birsa Munda was “Stop paying taxes.”

Question 42

When was Birsa Munda arrested, and when was he released?

Answer 42

Birsa Munda was arrested in 1895 and released in 1897.

Question 43

When did Birsa Munda organize an armed rebellion against the government and landlords?

Answer 43

Birsa Munda organized an armed rebellion against the government and landlords in 1899.

Question 44

How did Birsa Munda’s life end?

Answer 44

Birsa Munda was arrested again in 1900 and died at the age of 25. The jail records mention that he died of Cholera.

Question 45

What is another name for the Munda Rebellion?

Answer 45

The Munda Rebellion is also known as the Ulgulan revolt, which means “Great commotion.”