Older adults and Pa Flashcards
define old age
- chronology
- change in social role (ie work patterns , retirement
- change in capabilities (ie MCI, change in physical characteristics
what age world-wide is considered elderly ?
65+ for most countries.
Causes of death worldwide ?
-increase age related disease as people live longer
- e.g. heart disease, stroke , cancer, Alzheimer’s, arteriosclerosis
- most deaths in 2014 were people aged 90. different from 1900 (infant mortality)
Aging statistics
- 2010, 17% population were 65. by 2030, nearly 25% of people in EU will e over 65
-Europe’s’ old-age dependency ration (the number of people >65 compared with the number of working-age people) will be more than double by 2050.
-1.5 million aged 85 and over. By 2035 this number is projected to be 3.5 million.
Older people in Leeds
- since 2001 there has been increase of 15% in those over the age of 85.
- improved heath and well-being, improved health of poorest older people , increase healthy life expectancy.
- reduced dependence on long term residential and acute hospital care
what factors influence longevity ?
- genetics - 25% down to genetics
- environmental - lifestyle, diseases
- ethnic
- gender- women live around 5 more years than men.
why do women live longer than men?
- men are more vulnerable to disease
- men are risk-takers
- men smoke and use alcohol more than women
- ## men allow stress of enter lives more than women
How to increase longevity within society ?
- increasing risk of precocity faced by older women who assume the main responsibility in caring for their dependent aged parent
- ageing workforce
- rising need for long-term care among the elderly (uk not planned for this)
How to define age successfully ?
-is about quality of life as well as longevity
-is the combination of absence of disease and macitence of functional capacities
- avoiding disease and disability
- engagement with life
- high cognitive and physical function
types of interventions to enhance physical function and mobility
- diet - restrictions to weight = decreased joint load , reduced pain
- exercise - only interventions consistently demonstrated to attenuate functional decline.
-cognitive training - varied results - exergaming - e.g. Wii fit, cost effective, shows promise
-Pharmaceutical - some evidence for sarcopenia but mixed results. But when used in conjunction with exercise.
-Non-invasive stimulation – increase or decrease firing rate of neurons.
Impact of Physical activity on ageing
- Pa can modify risk factors that contribute to whether or not we age successfully
Recommend Pa levels for 65+
- at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic PA throughout week or do at least 75 minutes vigorous activity.
- aerobic activity in 10 minute bouts
-older adults should increase their moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity to 300 minutes per week, or engage in 150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity per week.
-Older adults, with poor mobility, should perform physical activity to enhance balance and prevent falls on 3 or more days per week.
-Muscle-strengthening activities, involving major muscle groups, should be done on 2 or more days a week. - reduce time sitting down or lying dow, break up with moving periods.
Recommend Pa levels for 65+
- at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic PA throughout week or do at least 75 minutes vigorous activity.
- aerobic activity in 10 minute bouts
-older adults should increase their moderate-intensity aerobic physical activity to 300 minutes per week, or engage in 150 minutes of vigorous-intensity aerobic physical activity per week.
-Older adults, with poor mobility, should perform physical activity to enhance balance and prevent falls on 3 or more days per week.
-Muscle-strengthening activities, involving major muscle groups, should be done on 2 or more days a week. - reduce time sitting down or lying dow, break up with moving periods.
How did Pa levels change between 2015-16 to 2016-17?
- activity levels increased for 55-74 and 75+ age groups.
- proportion of those who were inactive decreased for 55-74 years.
what is a emerging problem with aging ?
- sitting behaviour becoming more common
- Getting inactivity people to do a little bit of physical activity, even if they don’t meet the recommendations, might provide greater population health gains (Barretto, 2015).
