Physical activity and young children Flashcards
what are the guidelines for Pa in children 5-11 years ?
-engage in moderate to vigorous intensity physical activity for at least 60 minutes and up to several hours every day.
-Vigorous intensity activities, including those that strengthen muscle and bone, should be incorporated at least three days a week.
-All children and young people should minimise the amount of time spent being sedentary (sitting) for extended periods.
WHO global development goal ?
set a specific target of a 15% relative reduction in the global prevalence of physical inactivity in adults and adolescents.
what is the importance of Pa in young children ?
-From 5-18 years, children and young people establish behaviour patterns that have important implications for their immediate and long-term health and well-being.
-Establishing and maintaining high volumes of physical activity from childhood into adulthood, will help to reduce the risk of morbidity and mortality from chronic non-communicable diseases later in their lives.
-This includes reduced body fat and the promotion of healthy weight, enhanced bone and cardio-metabolic health, and enhanced psychological well-being.
Guidelines for Pa in young children
-Sport England (2017-2018) active lives children and young people survey
-Active every day (at least 60 mins every day)
-Active across the week (an average of at least 60 mins a day, but not very day)
-Fairly active (an average of 30-59 mins a day)
-Less active (less than an average (less than an average of 30 mins a day)
what is the prevalence of Pa in young children ?
-Only 1.2 million (17.5%) of children are meeting the chief medical officer guidelines.
-Further 1.8 million were doing an average of 60 minutes a day but not necessarily every day.
-Additionally, 1.7 million were doing an average of 30-59 mins a day.
- Finally, 2.3 million (32.9%) were doing less than an average of 30 minutes a day.
how does age change Pa levels ?
-Children and young people in years 5-6 and 7-8 (top end of primary, lower end of secondary, ages 9-13) more likely to be active every day, with young people in years 9-11 (ages 13-16) the least likely to be active every day.
how many children do activity at school and out of school?
-Data shows that 28% of children and young people do 30 minutes or more every day at school, while 22% do so outside school.
reasons for reduction in Pa according to Slater and Tiggeman (2010)
Focus group
- Losing interest
- Lack of competence
- Insufficient time
- Crossing gender boundaries
- Body image
reasons for reduction in Pa according to Martins et al (2015)
Systematic review
- Attitude and motivation towards Pa
- Perception of competence
- Body image
- Influence of friends and family
- Environmental physical activity opportunities
Is there a difference in Pa levels between the 2 sexes ?
-PA was higher in boys and girls who participated in extracurricular sport
-Boys (but not girls)- higher perceived competence in PE (p<0.001) and higher levels of parent’s support (p<0.03) were associated with higher PA.
-PA was explained by fewer variables at age 12 years than at age 8 years.
-CRF was the only significant explanatory variable for girls PA levels at 12 years
-School effect on PA at both age 8 years and 12 years among boys but not girls
is there a change in habitual Pa 8-12 for boys ?
-Participation in an extracurricular sports club and trends towards improvements in Eye Hand Coordination and later onset of pubertal development contributed to explaining change in habitual Pa.
is there a change in habitual Pa 8-12 for girls ?
-None of the change variables contributed significantly to explaining changes in Pa over time, although change in CRF and change in perceived competence in PE among girls were close to the significance threshold.
