Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

GCSE Chemistry Aqa > Paper 1: Atomic structure and the periodic table > Flashcards

Paper 1: Atomic structure and the periodic table Flashcards

1
Q

What is an atom?

A

The smallest part of an element that can exist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is an element?

A

one or more of the same atom

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a compound?

A

One or more of a different atom chemically bonded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a mixture?

A

One or more of a different atom not chemically bonded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

5 methods for separating mixtures

A

Filtration
Crystallasiation
simple distillation
Fractional distillation
Chromatography

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What does crystallisation separate?

A

soluble solid from solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Method for crystallisation?

A

-create solution
-pour solution into evaporating basin
-heat using bunsen burner
-allow to cool

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does simple distillation separate?

A

liquid from solution

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Method for simple distillation

A

-heat solution in boiling tube with a bunsen burner
-solution evaporates and wanted liquid is forced through condenser where cooling jacket condenses it back into a liquid to be collected in a beaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does fractional distillation separate?

A

Mixtures of liquids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Method for fractional distillation?

A

-heat mixture to the part of the solution that has the lowest boiling point
-solution rises into fractionating collunm and other parts of solution not wanted are condesned at fall back into boiling flask
- condenses in condenser at falls into beaker
-alter to temp of next lowest b.p

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does filtration separate?

A

Insoluble solids from liquids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Method for filtration?

A

Pour mixture through filter paper
Insoluble solid trapped by filter paper
liquid passes through to beaker

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Method for chromatography

A

-Draw pencil line 2cm from bottom of paper
-Place spot of in on the pencil line
-Place paper in beaker of solvent
-allow solvent to reach 3/4 up paper and draw line
-counts spots on chromoton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the stationary phase?

A

The paper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the mobile phase

A

Solvent that carries substance up paper

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Equation for Rf value?

A

distance moved by solvent

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Describe the plum pudding

A

Ball off positive charge with negative electrons embedded

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Describe the Bohr/nuclear model

A

Nuclear model suggests that electrons orbit the nucleus at set distances

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What did James Chadwick discover?

A

Existence of nuetrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Relative atomic mass of proton

A

1

22
Q

Relative atomic mass of neutron

A

1

23
Q

Relative atomic mass of electron

A

-1

24
Q

Why are atoms neutral?

A

Same number of protons and electrons

25
Q

What is atomic number

A

number of protons

26
Q

What is the atomic mass

A

Number of protons and neutrons

27
Q

How do you work out number of neutrons?

A

Atomic mass- atomic number

28
Q

What is an isotope?

A

Has the same amount of protons but a different number of nuetrons

29
Q

What are Ions?

A

When an atom gains/loses an electron

30
Q

What is formed when a metal reacts with a non-metal?

A

An ionic compound?

31
Q

What is formed when a non-metal reacts with a non-metal?

A

A molecular compound containing convealent bonds

32
Q

What is a solvent?

A

A substance dissolved in a solvent

33
Q

What is the definition for soluble?

A

substance can be dissolved in solvent

34
Q

What is the definition for insoluble?

A

cannot be dissolved in solvent

35
Q

Columns in the periodic table are called?

A

groups

36
Q

Rows of the periodic table are called?

A

Periods

37
Q

What do atoms in the same group have?

A

-simiular properties
-electrons in outer shell

38
Q

What do atoms in the same period have ?

A

Same number of electron shells

39
Q

What is group 0 known as?

A

The noble gases

40
Q

How were the different periodic tables grouped?

A

First- not grouped
Mendeleev’s- chemical properties
Modern- electron shells

41
Q

How were the different periodic tables ordered?

A

First- atomic mass
Mendeleevs- atomic mass
Modern- atomic number

42
Q

Were there/not gaps in the periodic tables?

A

First- no gaps
Mendeleevs- gaps for undisvovered elements
Modern- gaps

43
Q

Elements that form positive ions are

A

Metals

44
Q

Elements that form negative ions are

A

Non-metals

45
Q

Characteristics of alklai metals

A

-one electron in outer shell
-soft
-stored in oil to prevent reactions with oxygen

46
Q

Why are group 1 elements called alkalis?

A

React with water to form an alkali

47
Q

How do group 1 elements react with water?

A

Release hydrogen and form hydroxides which dissolve to form alkali solutions

48
Q

Why does reactivity increase down group 1

A

-Atoms get larger
-So there is more distance between nucleus and outer electrons
-so the electrostatic forces are weaker
-Easier to lose an electron and react

49
Q

two changes down group one

A

-lower melting/boiling point
-More reactive

50
Q

two changes down group seven

A

-Higher melting/boiling point
-less reactive

51
Q

What state of matter is fluorine?

A

Pale yellow gas

52
Q

What state of matter is Chlorine?

A

Pale green gas

GCSE Chemistry Aqa (10 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions