Paper 2: Using resources

Question 1

Sustainable development

Answer 1

development that meets the needs of current generations without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs

Question 2

How is potable water produced in the UK

Answer 2

-Choosing an appropriate source of fresh water
-Passing water through filter beds to remove any solids
-sterilising to kill microbes

Question 3

Sterilising agents for potable water

Answer 3

-Chlorine
-Ozone
-UV light

Question 4

Reverse osmosis

Answer 4

Sea water is passed through a membrane that only allows through the water molecules. Needs high pressure and requires lots of energy

Question 5

How is waste water treated

Answer 5

-screening and grit removal
-sedimentation to produce sludge and effulent
-anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge
-aerobic bioloigcal treatment of effluent

Question 6

Phytomining

Answer 6

-Plants absorb metal compounds from the soil
-Plants harvested and burned to produce ash that contains metal compounds
-displaced using more reactive metal such as scrap iron as it is cheap

Question 7

Bioleaching

Answer 7

-Bacteria produces leachate solutions that contain metal compounds

Question 8

Advantages of phytomining and bioleaching

Answer 8

-Less energy
-Works on low grade ores
-Carbon nuetral

Question 9

Disadvantages of phytomining and bioleaching

Answer 9

-Slow to carry out
-Cant meet demands

Question 10

Stages of LCA

Answer 10

-extracting and processing raw materials
-manufacturing and packaging
-use and operation during it’s lifetime
-disposal at the end of its useful life

Question 11

How do we reduce the use of resources

Answer 11

Reduction in use reuse and recyling of materials by end users reduces the use of limited resources,energy consumption, waste and environmental impacts

Question 12

Advantages of recycling

Answer 12

-Less acid rain
-Metal ore resverves last longer
-quarrying less waste less landfill
-Creates jobs

Question 13

Disadvantages of recyling

Answer 13

-Collection problems
-Cost of transpory
-Difficult to sort

Question 14

How to test pH of a sample of water

Answer 14

universal indicator or a pH probe

Question 15

How to find mass of a salt dissolved in a sample of water

Answer 15

-weigh an empty evaporating basin
-Fill with a sample of water and heat with a bunset burner until all the water evaportates
-Reweigh any salts left in the basun and calculate the mass of solids dissolved in the sample

Question 16

How to purify a sample of water

Answer 16

Distillation