intro to anatomy Flashcards
What is gross anatomy?
Gross anatomy is the study of structures visible to the naked eye without magnification.
What is microscopic anatomy?
Microscopic anatomy, also known as histology, involves the study of structures that can only be seen with a microscope.
what is the anatomical position
What are the terms used to describe the location of structures in relation to the body’s surface?
Superficial and deep are used to describe the location of structures in relation to the body’s surface.
What terms are used to describe the front and back sides of the body?
Anterior (or ventral) refers to the front side of the body, while posterior (or dorsal) refers to the back side of the body.
What terms are used to describe the location of structures in relation to the head and tail?
Cranial refers to structures located towards the head, while caudal refers to structures located towards the tail.
What does the term “rostral” describe?
Rostral refers to structures located towards the front of the head or the beak-like projection.
How do we describe the location of structures in relation to the body’s midline?
Medial refers to structures located closer to the body’s midline, while lateral refers to structures located farther away from the midline.
What terms are used to describe the vertical position of structures?
Superior describes structures located above or towards the head, while inferior describes structures located below or towards the feet.
How do we describe the location of structures in relation to a point of reference on a limb or extremity?
Proximal refers to structures located closer to the point of reference, while distal refers to structures located farther away from the point of reference.
What are the terms used to describe movement involving bending or straightening a joint?
Flexion refers to bending a joint to decrease the angle between two body parts, while extension refers to straightening a joint to increase the angle between two body parts.
What terms are used to describe movement away from or towards the midline of the body?
Abduction refers to movement away from the midline of the body, while adduction refers to movement towards the midline of the body.
What term describes the movement of a body part around its own axis?
Rotation refers to the movement of a body part around its own axis.
What term describes the movement of a body part in a circular path?
Circumduction refers to the movement of a body part in a circular path, involving a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction.
What terms describe the movements of the foot at the ankle joint?
Inversion refers to turning the sole of the foot inward, towards the midline of the body, while eversion refers to turning the sole of the foot outward, away from the midline of the body.
