Module 1B Assignment

Question 1

Exit or image formation radiation is composed of which of the following?

a.) primary photons and wide angle compton scattered photons
b.) non interaction and small angle scattered photons
c.) very low engrid photons
d.) auger electron

Answer 1

b.) non interaction and small angle scatted photons

Question 2

Which of the following contributes significantly to the exposure of the radiographer?

a.) positrons
b.) electrons
c.) compton scatted photons
d.) compton scattered electrons

Answer 2

c.) compton scattered photons

Question 3

Which of the following defines attenuation?

a.) absorption and scatter
b.) absorption only
c.) scatter only
d.) weakend only

Answer 3

a.) absorption and scatter

Question 4

In the radiologic kilo voltage range, which of the following structures undergoes the most photoelectric absorption?

a.) air cavities
b.) compact bone
c.) fat
d.) soft tissue

Answer 4

b.) compact bone

Question 5

In which of the following xray interactions with matter is the energy in the incident photon partially absorbed?

a.) compton
b.) photoelectric
c.) coherent
d.) pair production

Answer 5

a.) compton

Question 6

When a high atomic number solution is either swallowed or injected into human tissue or a structure to visualize it during an imaging procedure, which of the following occurs?

a.) photoelectric interaction becomes greatly decreased, resulting in the absorbed dose in the body tissues or structures that contain the contrast medium
b.) photoelectric itneraction becomes significantly enhanced, leading to an increase in the absorbed dose in the body tissues or structures that contain the contrast medium
c.) photoelectric interacction becomes greatly decreased, resulting in a decrease in the absorbed dose in the body tissues or structures that contain the contrast medium
d.) photoelectric interaction becomes significantly enhanced, leading to a decrease in the absorbed dose in the body tissue or structures that ocntain the contrast medium

Answer 6

b.) photoelectric interaction becomes significantly enhanced, leading to an increase in the absorbed dose in the body tissues or structures that contain the contrast medium

Question 7

Equivelent dose:

a.) attemprts to take in to account the various differences in biologic harm caused by different types of radiaiton
b.) takes into account the dose for all types of radiation to organs or tissues in the human body
c.) assigns a tissue weighting factor, which takes into account the relative detriment to each organ and tissue
d.) assigns a quality factor to determine the ability of a dose of any kind of ionizing radiaiton to cause biologic damge

Answer 7

a.) attempts to take in to account the various differencees in biologic harm caused by different types of radiation

Question 8

Which of the following influences attenuation?
1.) effective atomic number of the absorber
2.) mass density
3.) thickness of the absorber

a.) 1 only
b.) 2 only
c.) 3 only
d.) 1, 2 and 3

Answer 8

d.) 1, 2 and 3

Question 9

A decrease in contrast of the image by adding an unwanted additional exposure (radiographic fog) results from which of the following interactions between x radiation matter?
1.) compton scattering
2.) pair production
3.) photoelectric absorption

a.) 1 only
b.) 2 only
c.) 3 only
d.) 1, 2 and 3

Answer 9

a.) 1 only

Question 10

Alpha particles have a quality factor and radiation weighting factor that is numerically equal to:

a.) 1
b.) 5
c.) 10
d.) 20

Answer 10

d.) 20

Question 11

Which of the following was used as the first measure of exposure for ionizing radiation?

a.) air kerma
b.) skin erythema
c.) sievert
d.) roentgen

Answer 11

b.) skin erythema

Question 12

Which of the following is the unit of collective effective dose?

a.) coloumbs per kilogram sievert
b.) gray sievert
c.) person sievert
d.) rad sievert

Answer 12

c.) person sievert

Question 13

The concept of tissue weighting factor is used to do which of the following?

a.) account for the risk to the entire organism brought on by irradation of individual tissues and organs
b.) eliminate the need for determining affective dose
c.) measure absorbed dose from all different types of ionizing radiations
d.) modify the radiation weighting factor for different types of ionizing radiation

Answer 13

a.) account for the risk to the entire organism brought on by irradiation of individual tissues and organs

Question 14

To convert the number of gray into milligray, the number of gray must be:

a.) divided by 100
b.) divided by 1000
c.) multiplied by 100
d.) multiplied by 1000

Answer 14

d.) multiplied by 1000

Question 15

What is the SI radiation unit coloumbs per kilogram used to specify?

a.) equivalent dose
b.) absorbed dose in biologic tissue
c.) radiation exposure in air only
d.) speed at which xray photons travel

Answer 15

c.) radiation exposure in air only

Question 16

Which of the following radiation quantities accounts for some biologic tissues being more sensitive to radiation damage than other tissues?

a.) absorbed dose
b.) exposure
c.) equivalent dose
d.) effective dose

Answer 16

d.) effective dose

Question 17

How is the SI unit for dose area product (DAP) usually specified?

a.) couloumb
b.) Erg-Sec
c.) mgy-cm2
d.) sievert

Answer 17

c.) mgy-cm2

Question 18

Radiation that comes out of the tube port is called:

a.) off focus or stem radiation
b.) exit or image forming radiation
c.) primary radiation
d.) leakage radiation

Answer 18

c.) primary radiation

Question 19

Which interaction involves the ejection of a k shell electron

a.) coherent scatter
b.) compton interaction
c.) pair production
d.) photoelectric absorption

Answer 19

d.) photoelectric absorption

Question 20

There is complete absorption of the incident xray photon with:

a.) photoelectric effect
b.) compton interaction
c.) pair production
d.) photoelectric absorption

Answer 20

d.) photoelectric absorption

Question 21

There is complete absorption of the incident xray photon with:

a.) photoelectric effect
b.) compton interaction
c.) pair production
d.) coherent scatter

Answer 21

a.) photoelectric effect

Question 22

_________ occurs only at very high energies used in radiation therapy and nuclear medicine PET imaging.

a.) coherent scatter
b.) compton interaction
c.) Photoelectric absorption
d.) pair production

Answer 22

d.) pair production

Question 23

An incident xray photon interacts with an atom without ionization during _________

a.) photoelectric effect
b.) compton interaction
c.) coherent scattering
d.) pair production

Answer 23

c.) coherent scattering

Question 24

The amount of radiation that the body absorbs

Answer 24

absorbed dose

Question 25

Describe absorbed dose

Answer 25

all different tissues of the body absorb radiation differently so the weighting factor is used to formulate how much radiation different parts will absorb/attenuate

Question 26

What are the effects of compton scattering?

Answer 26

creates sctter/fog on radiographic images

increases worker radiation dose

Question 27

How does changing kvp affect compton scatter?

Answer 27

kvp increases- scatter increases

kvp decreases- scatter decreases

because of the more or less interactions that happen when kvp is changed

Question 28

What happens to compton scatter if atomic number increases?

Answer 28

The probability of compton scatter does not depend on atomic number. It depeneds more on energy and density

Question 29

What are alternate names for coherent scatter?

Answer 29

classical, elastic, unmodified

Question 30

redness of skin after irradation

Answer 30

skin ertythema