Lecture 10b: PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PROCESSING Flashcards
series of steps required in converting raw farm produce into marketable or “storable” forms
primary processing
general procedures in primary processing
- Extraction of primary economic product
- Drying
- Fermentation
(extraction of primary economic product)
separating/extracting the grains from straw (rice and wheat) or hay (mungbean); applicable also to black pepper.
threshing
(extraction of primary economic product)
extracting corn kernels from cob or seeds
shelling
(extraction of primary economic product)
method of extracting fiber (jute and ramie) using a machine that crushes the wood and strips of fibers from the bark; also applicable in abaca.
decortication
(extraction of primary economic product)
alternative method of extracting fiber from ramie and jute plants; done by soaking the stalks in water to
loosen the bark and facilitate removal of non-fibrous tissues.
retting
(extraction of primary economic product)
process of extracting the fiber from the abaca leaf sheath using tuxy knives
tuxying
(extraction of primary economic product)
manual method of extracting abaca fibers from the tux
“hagutan” method
(extraction of primary economic product)
process of separating cotton fibers (lint) from the cotton seeds
ginning
(extraction of primary economic product)
method of coffee processing in which ripe berries are depulped and then dried to produce parchment coffee
wet method: coffee
(extraction of primary economic product)
method of processing coffee in which strip-harvested berries are immediately dried to produce dried berries
dry method: coffee
(extraction of primary economic product)
process of removing the hulls from dried berries or parchment coffee to produce green coffee beans
hulling: coffee
(extraction of primary economic product)
dried kernel extracted from mature coconut
copra
(extraction of primary economic product)
dried pepper without pulp; ripe berries of pepper are used
white pepper
(extraction of primary economic product)
dried whole pepper berries where both green mature and partly ripe berries are used
black pepper