Haemolytic anaemias: by site

Question 1

Extravascular haemolysis: causes that are haemoglobinopathies ?

Answer 1

sickle cell, thalassaemia

Question 2

other Extravascular haemolysis causes

Answer 2

hereditary spherocytosis

haemolytic disease of newborn

warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Question 3

Intravascular haemolysis cause with red cell fragmentation ?

Answer 3

THROMBOTIC Thrombocytopenia Purpura,
DIC,
Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Question 4

other causes of intravascular hemolysis ?

Answer 4

mismatched blood transfusion

G6PD deficiency

paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria

cold autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Question 5

In warm AIHA which antibody causes haemolysis

Answer 5

IgG

Question 6

Cause of warm AIHA

Answer 6

idiopathic

autoimmune disease: e.g. systemic lupus erythematosus*

neoplasia

lymphoma

chronic lymphocytic leukaemia

drugs: e.g. methyldopa

Question 7

Mx of warm AIHA

Answer 7

steroids (+/- rituximab) are generally used first-line

Question 8

antibody in cold AIHA

Answer 8

IgM

Question 9

Features of Cold AIHA

Answer 9

Raynaud’s and acrocynaosis

Question 10

Causes of cold AIHA

Answer 10

neoplasia: e.g. lymphoma
infections: e.g. mycoplasma, EBV

Question 11

Cold AIHA responds less well to ?

Answer 11

Steroids

Question 12

Test for AIHA

Answer 12

Direct antiglobin test