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clinical chemistry > Specimen Collection And Handling > Flashcards

Specimen Collection And Handling Flashcards

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1
Q

Tube used for finger sticks use tubes with the smallest volume necessary for testing to prevent iatrogenic anemia/hospital acquired anemia

A

Lancets

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2
Q

Tube used for coagulation studies (PT or PTT)

A

Light blue or blue

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3
Q

Additives of light blue top

A

Sodium citrate
Thrombin and soybean trypsin inhibitor

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4
Q

Test affected by additive carry over in light blue top

A

Citrate
ALP
Calcium
Phosphorus

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5
Q

Tube used in routine chemistries, therapeutic drug levels, immunohematology, and serology

A

Red (Glass)

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6
Q

Additive of Red (plastic) tube

A

Clots activator (silica)

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7
Q

Test affected by additive carry over in red (plastic)

A

Silica
Partial thromboplastin time
Protime

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8
Q

Additive of Red/Black (tiger) Gold Red/Gold tube

A

Clot activator and gel separator

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9
Q

Additive of Green/Gray Light green tube

A

Lithium Heparin and Gel separator

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10
Q

Tube used for routine and special chemistry and cytogenetic testing

A

Green/Gray Light green

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11
Q

Additive of Green tube

A

Lithium heparin
Sodium Heparin

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12
Q

Test affected by additive carry over

A

Heparin
Activated clotting time
ACP
Calcium
Sodium
Lithium
Partial thromboplastin
Protime

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13
Q

Best anticoagulant for hemolysis prevention and for STAT sample

A

Heparin

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14
Q

Tube used in hematology for complete blood count, slide preparation, routine hematology procedures\ immunohematology and some special chemistry assays

A

Lavender or pink top

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15
Q

Additives of Lavender or pink top

A

EDTA/thylenediaminetetraacetate

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16
Q

Tests affected by additive carry over

A

EDTA
ALP
Ca
K
Fe
Sodium
CK
Partial thromboplastin
Protime

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17
Q

EDTA when used in electrolytes will increase:

A

Sodium and potassium

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18
Q

EDTA when used in electrolytes will decrease:

A

Calcium and Fe

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19
Q

Tube used to inhibit glycolysis

A

Gray top

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20
Q

Additive of gray top

A

Sodium fluoride and Potassium oxalate
Sodium Fluoride and EDTA
Sodium Fluoride

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21
Q

Additives that prevent fermentation of glucose

A

Sodium fluoride and Potassium oxalate
Sodium Fluoride and EDTA
Sodium Fluoride

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22
Q

Distorts RBC morphology

A

Oxalates and sodium fluoride

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23
Q

Tests affected by additive carry over

A

Oxalates
ACP and ALP
Ca
K
LD
Partial thromboplastin
Protime
Sodium Fluoride
Na

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24
Q

Additive of Orange Gray/Yellow top

A

Thrombin

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25
Q

Tube used in chemistry and toxicology

A

Royal blue top

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26
Q

Additives of royal blue top

A

None (red label)
EDTA (Lavender label)
Sodium Heparin (Green label)

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27
Q

Additives of Tan (glass tube) and Tan (plastic)
Yellow tube

A

Sodium Heparin
EDTA

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28
Q

Additives of yellow tube

A

Sodium Polyanethol sulfonate (SPS)
Acid Citrate Dextrose (ACD)

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29
Q

Tube used in WBC preservative

A

Yellow tube

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30
Q

Tubes w/gel are not used for:

A

ImmunoSero
Blood bank
Trace Metals
TDM

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31
Q

Tube colors with EDTA:

A

Lavender (glass and plastic)
Pink
White
Royal blue
Tan (plastic)

32
Q

Tubes that chelates calcium

A

EDTA
Sodium citrate
All tubes with EDTA + blue, light blue

33
Q

Tubes that inhibit thrombin formation

A

Lithium Heparin
Sodium Heparin
Light green
Green
Black
Royal blue

34
Q

Tubes with clot activator

A

Red (plastic/hemogard) (Silica)
Red/gray and gold (Silica)
Yellow/Gray and orange

35
Q

Tube that acts fibrin degradation product

A

Light blue

36
Q

Tube used for blood bank, microbiology, HLA phenotyping and Paternity testing

A

Yellow tube

37
Q

Order vein choice

A

Median
Cephalic
Basilic

38
Q

Anchored and less painful vein

A

Median

39
Q

Vein common in obese patients

A

Cephalic

40
Q

Vein near cutaneous nerve and brachial artery and painful

A

Basilic

41
Q

These are symptoms of nerve puncture:

A

Electric shock
Arm numbness
Burning
Pain radiating up or down

42
Q

Problem sites in venipuncture

A

Burn, scars or tattooed
Damaged veins
Edema
Hematoma
Mastectomy
Lymph removed

43
Q

It inspects an organ by passing light thru its wall LED or infrared light

A

Transillumination

44
Q

If blood pressure cuff used in venipuncture

A

60 mmHg

45
Q

Angle in venipuncture

A

15-30 degrees

46
Q

Angle of deep vein

A

High angle

47
Q

Angle of not too deep vein

A

Low angle

48
Q

It introduces a tissue factor then factor 7 activates then PT will shorten. Possible nerve damage.

A

Probe fishing

49
Q

Length of needle in venipuncture

A

1 or 1.5 inches

50
Q

Antiseptic for ethanol testing

A

Benzalkonium chloride

51
Q

Standard needle for venipuncture

A

21 gauge

52
Q

Causes of collapse vein

A

Too much vacuum
Quick pull of plunger
Tight tourniquet or close to the site of puncture

53
Q

Order of draw of venipuncture

A

Blood culture
Citrate
Red (glass)
Red (plastic)
Heparin
EDTA
Sodium fluoride

54
Q

The most common cause of carry over

A

EDTA

55
Q

The transfer of one additive/specimen to another thru needle contact causing contamination

A

Carry over

56
Q

It means to detect errors and to minimize clerical errors

A

Bar code labels

57
Q

Postphlebotomy Neurologic complications

A

Diaphoresis
Seizure
Pain
Nerve damage

58
Q

Most common complication in blood

A

Ecchymosis (Bruise)

59
Q

In pediatric venipuncture, how many percent of loss of blood that can lead to shock and cardiac arrest

A

10%

60
Q

Arterial puncture is used for:

A

Blood gas and pH

61
Q

Test conducted prior to collection in arterial puncture

A

Modified Allen test

62
Q

Unacceptable sites in arterial puncture

A

Irritated, edematous, near a wound, or area with fistula

63
Q

Length of lancet in skin puncture

A

1.75mm

64
Q

Depth of incision in skin puncture

A

<2.0mm in infants
<2.5mm in adults

65
Q

Preferred sites in skin puncture

A

Lateral plantar heel (newborn)
3rd and 4th fingers
Earlobes (least site)

66
Q

Order of filling microtainer

A

Blood gas analysis
Slides
EDTA
Other tubes with additives
Non-additive tubes

67
Q

Used for measuring pH and pCO2 but not pO2

A

Arterialized capillary blood

68
Q

Preferred site of arterialized capillary blood

A

Earlobes

69
Q

In arterialized capillary blood, don’t perform if arterial BP is below:

A

95 mmHg

70
Q

Often created when multiple tests are ordered on a single specimen.

A

Aliquot

71
Q

In case of delay, most samples are refrigerated at:

A

4°C for 8 hrs

72
Q

Cell lysis and slight elevation of LD and K

A

Excessive centrifugation

73
Q

Causes of hemolysis

A

Too small needle
Fast pulling of plunger
Fast transfer of blood to tube
Shaking tube vigorously
Blood collected before alcohol dried
Rimming

74
Q

Causes hemolysis and aerosol infection

A

Rimming

75
Q

Any test used as evidence in legal proceedings; e.g., blood alcohol, drug screens, DNA analysis. Procedure to guarantee integrity of specimens to court, e.g., legal blood alcohol, drug test.

A

Chain of custody

clinical chemistry (6 decks)

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