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histopathology lecture > Staining > Flashcards

Staining Flashcards

1
Q

Process of applying dyes on the section to see and study
the architectural pattern of the tissue and physical
characteristics of cells

A

staining

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2
Q

Tissue components are demonstrated by direct
interaction with a dye or staining solution

A

Histological stain

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3
Q

Active tissue components are colored

A

histological

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4
Q

Tissue components are studied through chemical
reactions

stains fats, carbiohydrates

A

Histochemical/Histochemistry

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5
Q

Instead of stains/dyes, uses antibodies

Combination of histochemical and immunologic
technique (immunologic because instead of dyes,
used antibodies)

A

Immunochemical

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6
Q

uses aqueous or alcoholic dye solutions to
produce a color;

A

Direct staining

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7
Q

uses a dye with the help of mordant or accentuator

A

Indirect staining

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8
Q

substance that serves as link or bridge
between the dye and the tissue

A

mordant

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9
Q

Potassium aluminum

A

Alum hematoxylin

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10
Q

Mayer’s Hematoxylin — incorporated
mordant
Coles
Harris
Gill’s
Erhlich’s
Delafield’s

A

Mordant

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11
Q

ferric ammonium chloride

A

Weigert’s hematoxylin

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12
Q

ferric ammonium sulfate

A

Heidenhain’s Hematoxylin

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13
Q
  • substance that heightens the colors
    intensity of the dye and the selectivity of the dye;
    increases the staining power of the dye
A

accentuator

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14
Q

Tissue:

1st overstained
Excess dye removed through decolorization

A

Regressive Staining

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15
Q

refers to the
selective removal of excess dye

A

DECOLORIZATION/DIFFERENTIATION

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16
Q

staining a tissue with a color that is different
from the stain itself; uses a dye that will produce
a different color from the dye used

A

Metachromatic Staining

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17
Q

USED TO STAIN EPITHELIAL MUCINS, MAST
CELL GRANULES, CARTILAGE, AMYLOID

A

Metachromatic staining

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18
Q

Bismarck brown
Safranin
Azure A
Azure B
Azure C

A

Metachromatic stain

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19
Q

staining technique in
which cells and tissues are stained with a same
shade/hue as that of the dye

A

orthochromatic staining

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20
Q

involves application of a different color/another
dye to produce contrast in background

A

counter staining

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21
Q

red acid dye; cytoplasmic stain; COMMONLY USED

A

Eosin

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22
Q

Tissue elements are demonstrated NOT by stains
but by colorless solutions of metallic salts

A

Metallic impregnation

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23
Q

Metallic salts Leaves black deposit on tissue
surface

A

Not dyes

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24
Q

used to demonstrate living cells (viable
cells/fresh)

A

Vital staining

25
Q

dye is injected to any part of the animal
body

A

Intravital

26
Q

stain is applied immediately to tissue
after its removal from the living body

A

supravital

27
Q

Supra vital stains (NJTNTT)

A

Neutral red — best vital stain
Janus green — used for mitochondria
Trypan blue
Nile blue
Thionine – metachromatic staining; supravital
staining
Toluidine blue – metachromatic staining; supravital
staining

28
Q

H & E: NUCLEUS COLOR

A

BLUE TO BLUE BLACK

29
Q

H & E: KARYOSOME

A

DARK BLUE

30
Q

H & E: CYTOPLASM

A

PALE PINK

31
Q

H & E: RBC, EOSINOPHILIC GRANULES, KERATIN

A

BRIGHT ORANGE

32
Q

H & E: CALCIUM AND DECALCIFIED BONE

A

PURPLISH BLUE

33
Q

H & E: DECALCIFIED BONE MATRIX, COLLAGEN, OSTEOID

A

PINK

34
Q

H & E: MUSCLE FIBER

A

deep pink

35
Q

Staining method for frozen section

A

H and E
Thionine
Polychrome methylene blue
alcoholic pinacynol method

36
Q

Hematoxylin, Chochineal dyes, Orcein, Saffron

derived from plants and animals

A

natural dyes

37
Q

active coloring agent of hematoxylin

A

hematin

38
Q

RIPENING AGENTS: Sodium Iodate (3)

A

Erlich’s hematoxylin
Mayer’s hematoxylin - with citric acid; chloral hydrate
Gill’s - mucin and goblet cell

39
Q

RIPENING AGENTS: Mercuric oxide

exfoliative cytology and demonstrating sex chromosomes

A

Harris hematoxylin

40
Q

RIPENING AGENTS: alcoholic iodine

A

Cole’s hematoxylin

41
Q

RIPENING AGENTS: Glycerol

A

Delafield’s - wine smell; purple red shade

42
Q

RIPENING AGENTS: Potassium iodate

A

Carazzi’s

43
Q

Iron hematoxylin mordant: Ferric ammonium chloride

A

Weigert’s hematoxylin - muscle fibers and ct

44
Q

Iron hematoxylin mordant: Ferric ammonium sulfate

A

Heidenhain’s hematoxylin - nuclei and cytoplasmic inclusion

45
Q

Demonstrate spermatogenesis

A

Copper hematoxylin

46
Q

phosphotungstic acid: hematoxylin

A

Tungsten hematoxylin

47
Q

demo of granules of endocrine cells

A

Lead hematoxylin

48
Q

demo of collagen, reticulin and argentaffin cells

A

Molybdenum hematoxylin

49
Q

extracted from bug treated with alum to produce
CARMINE

A

conchineal dyes

50
Q

picric acid with carmine: neuropatholocigal studies

A

picrocarmine

51
Q

best carmine for glycogen

A

aluminum chloride

52
Q

vegetable dye extracted from lichens, used for
staining ELASTIC FIBERS

A

orcein

53
Q

vegetable dye extracted from lichens
Not used as stain, used for indicator
Poor staining property

A

Lithmus

54
Q

responsible for the coloring
property/imparting color

A

chromophore

55
Q

responsible for the dyeing property;
property of retaining the imparted color

A

auxochrome

56
Q

DO NOT have auxochrome but they have
chromophore

A

lysochrome or oil soluble dyes

57
Q

Fat stains: most sensitive

A

Sudan Black B

58
Q

for neutral lipids: stains red

A

Sudan IV

59
Q

fat stain for CNS tissues: first sudan dye to histochemistry

A

Sudan III

histopathology lecture (5 decks)

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