19. Descriptive Diagnosis: DSM and Psychopathological Syndromes Flashcards
A ____ ____ attempts to be atheoretical, that is not wedded to any theoretical perspective or aetiology.
Descriptive approach
In ____ ____, mental disorders are classified in terms of clinical syndrome, or constellations of symptoms that tend to occur together.
descriptive diagnosis
Descriptive diagnosis allows researchers and clinicians in many different settings to diagnose patients in a similar manner, regardless of their ____ ____.
theoretical orientation
The descriptive approach tends to be most compatible with a ____ ____ of psychopathology, which presumes that psychological disorders fall into discrete categories, much like medical disorders.
disease model
American Psychiatric Association 1994 published the manual of clinical syndromes that researchers and clinicians use to make diagnoses, called the ____ __ ___ ____ __ ____ (DSM), now in its fourth edition (DSM-IV).
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
____ system of diagnosis places symptoms in their biological and social context by evaluating patterns along five axes.
Multiaxial
These axes cover not only symptoms and personality disturbances but also relevant information such as ____ ____ ___ ____ ____.
medical conditions and environmental stressors
Axis I – lists the ____ ____ for which the patient seeks treatment. State disorders – the patients current condition, or state.
clinical syndromes
Axis II – Lists ____ ____ and mental retardation. Trait disorders – enduring problems with the persons functioning.
personality disorders
Axis III – General ____ ____ that may be relevant to understanding the persons psychopathology.
medical conditions
Axis IV – reserved for ____ ____ ___ ____ ____.
psycho-social and environmental stressors
Axis V – rates the patients current level of ____ and the highest level of functioning the patient has obtained during the past year.
functioning
