Week 1 Flashcards
What are 5 important components of history to gather for a sick dairy cow?
- days in milk (DIM)
- feed intake (if it is known)
- milk production and if it has changed
- previous medical problems (dystocia, retained placenta, milk fever, etc.)
- treatments that have already been performed
What does the acronym LUMMAR stand for with regard to examination of a sick dairy cow?
Lungs
Uterus
Mammary
Metabolic
Abomasum
Rumen
T/F: If you cannot find the cause of sickness in a dairy cow, the most likely culprit is the lungs
true
what organ system is the most common cause of problems in dairy cows during the first 2 weeks postpartum?
uterus
T/F: cows can have severe local infections, and be fine systemically.
true
____________ is NOT a good indicator of whether a cow’s problem is local or systemic.
milk production
T/F: most mastitis infections are systemic and cause death
false – most are local and do not cause sick cows
T/F: the metabolic condition known as “milk fever” in dairy cows can be clinical or subclinical
true – this condition is called hypocalcemia.
Nervous ketosis is rare and usually causes problems towards what time period?
peak lactation (30 DIM)
What condition in dairy cows is usually secondary to another issue that caused the cow to go off feed?
subclinical ketosis
________ is a herd subclinical problem usually. But, in moderate to severe cases, cows can be off-feed, down in milk, have diarrhea, and decreased rumen motility.
acidosis
what are the 3 types of issues that can arise with the abomasum?
Bonus: which one is most serios?
LDA
RDA
RTA most serious
This describes what condition?
normal milk with elevated SCC
subclinical mastitis
This describes what condition?
Abnormal milk and normal cow
local mastitis
This describes what condition?
Abnormal milk and abnormal cow (fever, dehydration, depression)
systemically ill case of mastitis
What pathogens cause the most systemic (toxic) mastitis cases?
coliforms (E. coli, Klebsiella – gram - environmental pathogens)
Describe the “classic case” of mastitis
depressed
>50% reduction in milk production
8-10% dehydrated
hard swollen quarter
watery milk (brown or orange)
If 21/200 (10%) of your cows are sick with coliform mastitis, would you consider this disease as a problem on the farm?
yes.
What is case fatality rate?
treated that died / total # treated
What are the 3 possible explanations for lack of treatment success?
- super bug
- slow detection of disease
- bad treatment protocol