ABO and Rh Typing Flashcards
What are the three allelic genes that can be inherited in the ABO Blood group system?
- A
- B
- O
Amorph
-is the O gene, which is a silent gene that does not produce a detectable gene
Genotype: AA and AO have what phenotype
Blood type A
Genotype: BB and BO have what phenotype
Blood type B
Genotype: AB has what phenotype
Blood type AB
Genotype: OO has what phenotype
Blood type O
Forwarding Grouping
-also known as front type
-reagent antisera test against patients’ red blood cells to determine which antigens are expressed on an individual RBCs
-Anti A
-Anti B
Reverse Grouping
-also known as back type
-Reagent red cells determine which antibodies are present in the patient’s serum or plasma
-A1 cells
-B cells
** There is always an inverse reciprocal relationship between the forward and reverse type and thus one serves as a check on the other
Landsteiner’s rule
-normal, healthy, individuals possess ABO antibodies to the ABO blood group antigens absent from their red cells
What group is the universal donor? (RBC transfusions)
Group O
-This group lacks the A and B antigens on their cell membrane
What group is the universal recipient? (RBC transfusions)
Group AB
- groups lack antibodies against ABO antigens
What group is the universal donor? (Plasma related product transfusion)
-Group AB
-group lacks antibodies against ABO antigens
What group is the universal recipient? (Plasma related product transfusion)
-Group O
-group lacks the A and B antigens on their cell membrane
Genetics of the Rh blood group system
-consist of two closely linked genes on chromosome 1 that control the expression of the Rh proteins
- the RHD gene
-the RHCE gene
Rh +
-Individual RBCs contain the D antigen
-This is common
