Changing Genetic Makeup of Population - Introduction Flashcards
What is a gene pool?
Complete set of alleles in a population
How many pairs of chromosomes do humans have?
23
What are chromosomes?
Tightly coiled up DNA
Where do we get our chromosomes from?
Inherited from our parents (Mother and Father)
What are 2 chromosomes that are similar sized called?
Homologous pair
What are alleles
The variations of genes are called alleles
Eg: Blue eyes, Brown eyes, Red Eyes
Where are genes found on the homologous pair of chromosomes?
A particular gene will be found on same location on homologous chromosomes
What is Allele frequency?
How common certain alleles are
How can allele frequencies in a population change over time?
Due to new mutations leading to new allele
How does a mutation occur?
Change in DNA leads to change in mRNA leads to change in protein which forms a new allele
Define a Mutation
A change in the arrangement of bases in an individual gene or in the structure of chromosome
What are the 2 types of Mutation?
- Point Mutation
- Chromosomal Mutation
