Chapter 7 Flashcards
The acronym for the major elements that make up biomolecules is ___. It stands for __
S.P.O.N.C.H.
sodium
potassium
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon
hydrogen
There are two different ways to create energy, they are _
1)phototroph (uses light…photo-means light_
2)chemotroph (uses chemicals…chemo-means chemicals)
As it relates to carbon ___ converts CO2 into _, whereas ___ converts ___ into ____
autotroph (auto- means self
organic compounds(hetero-means different)
heterotroph
organic compounds
organic compounds
There are __ types of transport processes, they are __
three
1)Passive Transport
2)Active Transport
3)Bulk Transport
Passive transport is when a solute moves from a ___ concentration to a ___ concentration, also known as ____ the concentration gradient. No __ is required. There are ___ types of passive transport, they are ___
high
low
down
energy
3
1)simple diffusion
2)facilitated diffusion
3)Osmosis
Facilitated diffusion requires a __
protein
Osmosis is the movement of ___ from a ___ solute concentration to a ___ concentration
water
low
high (low solute concentration means high water content…. things move from high to low)
Active Transport is the movement of ions from a ___ concentration to a ___ concentration, also know as ____ the gradient. ____ required to preform this. There are ___ types of active transport which are ___
low
high
up
energy
3
1) Primary active transport (uses ATP pumps)
2) secondary active transport (as it goes down pumps something else goes against it?)
3) Group Translation
Plasmolysis is when ___
cell wall shrinks because of high concentration of solute outside the cell (low water outside the cell so water leaves from the inside of the cell)
Lysis is when __
cell wall bursts because of low solute concentration outside the cell (high water outside the cell so it comes into the cell)
The two different types of bulk transport are ___
endocytosis
exocytosis
There are ___ factors that influence microbes. They are ___
4
1)temperature
2)PH
3)Osmotic pressure (pressure exerted on water to keep water from moving)
4)Oxygen
There are two main species that like water, they are ____
1) O2(-), superoxide dismutase
2)H202, hydrogen peroxide
memorize this
ok
Microbial growth happens by ____, which ___ each generation.. The equation to find the number of microbes is ___
binary fission
doubles
A X 2^B (A= starting number of microbes, B= generations)
B
C
D
D
B
D
2^6
A
B
B
C
a- obligate aerobes
b- facilitative anerobe
c- obligate anerobe
d- aerotolerent anaerobe
e- microaerophiles
