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HSCI 120 > Chapter 2 > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Flashcards

1
Q

A framework based on the summary of many observations

A

Scientific theory

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2
Q

The issue with early sexual behaviour Theories

A

Focused too much on the male perspective and made claims that sexual behavior is defined by physiological changes

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3
Q

Benefits of scientific theories in everyday life

A

Allow us to talk about uncomfortable topics in a clinical way, normalize sexual activities and promote understanding of variation and diversity

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4
Q

A theory of sexuality that suggests that our thinking affects how we experience sexual encounters

A

Cognitive theory of sexuality

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5
Q

A theory that claims that genetics can explain all the aspects of sexuality and reproduction

A

Genetic theory

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6
Q

What evidence supports the genetic theory

A

Some describe always feeling like a different gender or attracted to a specific sex.

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7
Q

The probablitity that two individuals will have the same trait

A

concordance rate

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8
Q

Concordance rate supporting the genetic theory

A

Identical twins are more likely to have the same sexual attraction then other sibling conbinations

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9
Q

A genetic disorder that has a side effect of errectile disfunction through having an extra X chromosome

A

klineflter’s syndrome

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10
Q

A theory based in evolutionary biology to explain social behaviours

A

sociobiological theory

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11
Q

A theory that describes how changes are determined by adaption to the environment

A

Evolutionary theory

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12
Q

The evolutionary process of selecting mates based on survival advantages

A

sexual selection

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13
Q

When competition determines if an organism is allowed to mate

A

intrasexual competition

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14
Q

When an organism selects a mate based on personal preferences

A

intersexual selection

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15
Q

A theory that suggests that individual sexual responses involve interactions between excitatory and inhibitory neurobiological processes

A

dual control model of sexuality

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16
Q

Factors for sexual inhibitory in women

A

relationship that does not meet the needs of the woman, susceptibility to having arousal disrupted by situational factore and worries over sexual function

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17
Q

Factors for sexual excitatory in women

A

Ability to become aroused in many situations, partner characteristics, agreeable sexual power dynamics, olfactory senses and an agreeable setting.

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18
Q

What is the strongest factor in influencing women’s sexuality

A

inhibitory factors

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19
Q

A theory that suggest that mating behaviours are strategic because of the cost of reproduction

A

sexual strategies theory

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20
Q

Flaw in the sexual strategies theory

A

There were no gender or sex differences when it comes to short term mating. Although the theory suggests that women only engage in short term mating when they believe it could become long term mating

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21
Q

A theory that suggests that sexual relationships is linked to social structures of power, kinship and ideology.

A

Sociological theory

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21
Q

Individuas from Quebec are morelikely to accept common-law marrage as a way to regulate sexual activites then other parts of canada. This is an example of what theory?

A

Sociological theory

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22
Q

The view that same-sex encounters is a natural part of development in Melanesia, but in Saudi Arabia it is punishable by death is an example of what theory?

A

Sociological theory

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23
Q

A theory that suggests that there are specific sequences of behaviours that are considered appropriate in sexual situation based on society.

A

Social script theory

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24
Q

A set of beliefs that guide sexual encounters

A

traditional sexual script

25
Q

The social script theory is used by what profession?

A

sex therapists

26
Q

A theory that is used in sexual health and function studies that involve many factors.

A

Ecological model

27
Q

Levels of influence as described in the ecological model

A

Macrosystem, exosystem, mesosystem, microsystem

28
Q

the primary influences on a person’s life

A

microsystem

29
Q

The relationships between the primary influcences on a person’s life

A

mesosystem

30
Q

The person’s larger social networks

A

exosystem

31
Q

The influences of society and personal beliefs in society

A

macrosystem

32
Q

The theory that claims that sexuality is socially constructed and focused on men’s pleasure. The understanding that vaginal sex is the only form of sex is imposed onto women

A

feminist theories

33
Q

What is the primary focus of feminist theories?

A

how inequalities between men and women effect women’s sexuality.

34
Q

What is the “new view” of women’s sexual problems?

A

women’s sexual experiences are effected by emotional, physical and relational factors. They should not be medicalized or be forced to do cosmetical vulvar surgery to fix these issues.

35
Q

A theory that emerged from the feminist theory that challenges notions of gender, sexual orientation and behaviours.

A

Queer theory

36
Q

A theory that discusses why individuals are motivated to have sex

A

motivation theory

37
Q

What is the top reason people are motiviated to have sex?

A

attacted to the person and pleasure

38
Q

the desire to give pleasure to another through sex increases the enjoyment of sex is an example of what theory?

A

motivation theory

39
Q

What increases sexual satisfaction?

A

communication between partners

40
Q

Three basic psychological needs according to motivation theory

A

autonomy, competence, psychological relatedness

41
Q

Need satisfaction is necessary for…

A

intrinsic motivation

42
Q

controlled motives to engage in an activity

A

external pressures, promised a reward, avoidance of negative consequences

42
Q

autonomus reasons to be self-determined to engage in an activity

A

it is fun, it si congruent with their values, and personally important

43
Q

internal motives to engage in an activity

A

self-validation, avoiding shame or guilt

44
Q

sexual motivation is influenced by

A

self-determination, sexual self-views, sexual self-esteem, sexual vitality, orgasm frequency, positivity, pleausre, satisfaction, and three basic psychological needs

45
Q

What theory is best used in a clinical setting?

A

All theories can be used in a clinical setting and the theory used depends on the situation

46
Q

Any phenomenon has an objective set of attributes. These attributes are generally biological in nature

A

Essentialism

47
Q

The belief that reality is socially constructed by culture and society.

A

Social constructivism

48
Q

Why is Alfred Kinsey important

A

In 1950 he published a report documenting people’s sexual activities, which made it more normal to talk about sexuality and showed how prevalent sex was in society.

49
Q

when was the first gay kiss on tv

A

1960

50
Q

when was the first lesbian kiss on tv

A

1991

51
Q

How many tv shows have sexual content?

A

70%

52
Q

How many tv shows have safe sex messages

A

11%

53
Q

How does classical conditioning relate to sex?

A

Classical conditioning is used for treatments of fetishes and explain how fetishes arise

54
Q

Self-confidence in preforming a sexual activity

A

sexual self-efficacy

55
Q

What is the importance of the first sexual encounter?

A

depending on how the first time goes, it can influence an individual’s self-efficacy and cause them to avoid sex in the future

56
Q

A theory that says people min/max their sexual relationships

A

social exchange theory

57
Q

What are the 4 min/max components of the social exchange theory?

A

balance, equality, comparison to others, comparison to alternatives

58
Q

Theories about how individuals manage the stress around sex

A

cognitive theories

59
Q
A

HSCI 120 (13 decks)

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