1.4-1.6

Question 1

Difference btw. Nutrients and Energy in an ecosystem.

Answer 1

The major difference between these processes is that nutrients constantly recycle within the ecosystem, whereas energy flows through and may become so spread out that it is not useful for living things.

Question 2

Producers

Answer 2

provide food for an ecosystem (plants)

Question 3

How do trees and plants cycle nutrients

Answer 3

photosythesis (CO2 & H2O to sugar and oxygen, using light energy) trees absorb H2O through soil and leaves take in carbon dioxide. All produces O2. This energy also alows roots to break through soil.

Question 4

Consumers

Answer 4

Eat plants and other animals (animals). Primary, secondary, tertiary

Question 5

How do consumers release energy in foods.

Answer 5

Respiration. Inhaling O2 and release CO2

Question 6

Decomposers

Answer 6

small animals, fungi and bacteria that decompose waste and the remains of dead organisms. They change complex matter into simpler chemical that plants can absorb and use.

Question 7

What are the most basic chemicals of life?

Answer 7

carbon dioxide, oxygen, water and minerals

Question 8

Through what do chemicals cycle

Answer 8

air, soil, plants, consumers and decomposers, back to air and soil.

Question 9

What, besides chemicals, does photosynthesis need

Answer 9

energy

Question 10

What flow does energy go through in an ecosystem?

Answer 10

sun energy [photosynthesis] chemical energy in sugars [consumers] powering consumers

Question 11

How much energy is lost in an ecosystem.

Answer 11

All of it. It is constantly flowing out in the form of heat. Every step in takes, where it is converted, it loses most of its energy in heat.

Question 12

See venn diagram

Answer 12

SYS

Question 13

All cells have…

Answer 13

All cells have DNA which is the universal genetic material linking all living things.

Question 14

DNA is made up of…

Answer 14

All DNA is made up of four base chemicals called nucleotides

Question 15

How does the arrangement of nucleotides affect the DNA?

Answer 15

The different arrangements of these nucleotides give the cells different instructions for the synthesis of RNA (ribonucleic acid) which tell the components of the cell how to make a protein.

Question 16

What do the four bases do?

Answer 16

Different genes are encoded in the DNA through the order of the four bases. Art, rat and tar are different words, made up from the same letters,see

Question 17

DNA is the chemical substance of…

Answer 17

genes

Question 18

The continuity of life depends on…

Answer 18

DNA

Question 19

What is DNA made of

Answer 19

Each molecule contains two long chains, together called a double helix. Have nucleotides within them

Question 20

Cell division?

Answer 20

DNA replicates, splits, and finds its new other chain.

Question 21

How many cells in the human body?

Answer 21

Starts with one, end with trillions.

Question 22

What do proteins do?

Answer 22

build and maintain the cell to carry out activities.

Question 23

Genes can…

Answer 23

make yellow pigment, make hormone insulin, these are the proteins as a result of the genes at work.

Question 24

How can cells help humanity

Answer 24

acteria can be used to produce insulin for the treatment of diabetes by inserting a gene for human insulin into bacterial cells.

Question 25

Where does diversity of life come from

Answer 25

variation in DNA sequences. Ex. Bacteria and Humans. Both cells, not remotely similar.

Question 26

What is a genome made of?

Answer 26

Has all genetic instruction, two chromosomes.

Question 27

How many nucleotide parts does a chromosome have?

Answer 27

3 billion

Question 28

study of genes/comparison between species

Answer 28

genomics.

Question 29

where are the chromosomes/genome located?

Answer 29

the nucleus of a cell.

Question 30

How many species

Answer 30

1.8 million, could be 10-100 million

Question 31

what branch of biology groups species.

Answer 31

taxonomy

Question 32

Domain...

Answer 32

kingdom

Question 33

Kingdom..

Answer 33

phylum

Question 34

Phylum...

Answer 34

class

Question 35

Class...

Answer 35

order

Question 36

Order...

Answer 36

family

Question 37

Family...

Answer 37

genus

Question 38

Genus...

Answer 38

Species

Question 39

Taxonomy pyramid

Answer 39

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 40

What are the three domains?

Answer 40

Domain: Bacteria, Archaea, Eukarya

Question 41

Domain Bacteria Characteristics

Answer 41

Always organisms with prokaryotic cells Most "diverse and widespread" of the prokaryotic cells

Question 42

Domain Archaea characteristics

Answer 42

Like Domain Bacteria, Domain Archaea consists of organisms with Prokaryotic cells. Are found more in extreme environments than bacteria. For example, the image on the left is a prokaryotic cell found in deep-sea regions.

Question 43

Domain Eukarya

Answer 43

All Eukaryotic cells, much more complex. Consists of protists, plants, fungi and animals

Question 44

What are the four kingdoms within Domain Eukarya

Answer 44

Protists, Plantae, Fungi, Animalia

Question 45

Protist characteristics

Answer 45

Single celled organisms, usually Grouped into six different subgroups; they are difficult to categorize

Question 46

Kingdom Plantae characteristics

Answer 46

Uses photosynthesis to sustain itself multicellular

Question 47

Kingdom Fungi characteristics

Answer 47

Feeds off of/decomposes dead organisms (absorbs nutrients) multicellular

Question 48

Kingdom Animalia characterisitics

Answer 48

Eats other organisms. multicellular

Question 49

Do the domains connect and intersect within an ecosystem

Answer 49

Yes, of course. Ex. A sloth (animal) clings to a tree (plant), has growth in hair from photosynthetic prokaryotes (domain bacteria)

Question 50

How are there cycles within the sloth

Answer 50

The sloth depends on trees for food and shelter, the trees use nutrients from sloth's feces, prokaryotes gain access to sunlight for PS by living on sloth, sloth is camoflauged by prokaryotes.

Question 51

metaphor for DNA and proteins:

Answer 51

DNA is like the recipe book for a head chef. The RNA is like a copy of the recipe that the chef gives to his workers for each entree they make. The entree would be like proteins that are constructed. The chef gives his workers new RNA copies from his recipe book each time a new entree is to be made. Harming the DNA, the master document, would cause the most harm.

Question 52

What are the two main functions of DNA?

Answer 52

DNA is the genetic material that is passed from parents to offspring, and it codes for proteins that control the activity of cells.