14 Social Psychology

Question 1

Is the field of psychology that studies the nature and causes of behavior and mental processes in social situations

Answer 1

Social psychology

Question 2

An enduring mental representation of a person, place, or thing that typically evoke an emotional response and related behavior

Answer 2

Attitude

Question 3

The issue of how well we can predict behavior on the basis of attitude

Answer 3

A-B problem

Question 4

The view that persuasive messages are evaluated (elaborated) on the basis of central and peripheral cues

Answer 4

Elaboration likelihood model

Question 5

A type of persuasive communication that influences behavior on the basis of arousing fear instead of rational analysis of the issue

Answer 5

Fear appeal

Question 6

Diverting one’s attention from information that is inconsistent with ones attitude

Answer 6

Selective avoidance

Question 7

Deliberately seeking and attending to information that is consistent with one’s attitude

Answer 7

Selective exposure

Question 8

The view that we are motivated to make our cognitions or beliefs consistent with each other and with our behavior

Answer 8

Cognitive-dissonance theory

Question 9

Behavior inconsistent with an attitude that may have the effect of modifying an attitude

Answer 9

Attitude-discrepant behavior

Question 10

In cognitive-dissonance theory, the tendency to seek justification (acceptable reasons for strenuous efforts)

Answer 10

Effort justification

Question 11

An attitude towards a group that leads people to evaluate members of that group negatively

Answer 11

Prejudice

Question 12

Hostile behavior directed against groups towards whom one is prejudiced

Answer 12

Discrimination

Question 13

Erroneous assumptions that all members of a group share the same traits or character characteristics

Answer 13

Stereotyping

Question 14

In social psychology, an attitude of liking or disliking (negative attraction)

Answer 14

Attraction

Question 15

Sternberg’s view that love involves combinations of three component: intimacy, passion, and commitment

Answer 15

Triangular model of love

Question 16

Close acquaintance and familiarity; a characteristic of a relationship in which partner shared their innermost feelings

Answer 16

Intimacy

Question 17

Strong romantic and sexual feelings

Answer 17

Passion

Question 18

The decision to maintain a relationship

Answer 18

Commitment

Question 19

The ideal form of love within Sternberg’s model, which combines passion, intimacy, and commitment

Answer 19

Consummate love

Question 20

An intense, positive emotion that involves sexual attraction, feelings of caring, and the belief that one is in love

Answer 20

Romantic love 

Question 21

A subfield of social psychology, that studies the ways in which we form and modify impressions of others

Answer 21

Social perception

Question 22

The tendency to evaluate others in terms of first impression

Answer 22

Primacy effect

Question 23

The tendency to evaluate others in terms of the most recent impression

Answer 23

Recency effect

Question 24

A belief concerning why people behave in a certain way

Answer 24

Attribution

Question 25

An assumption that a person’s behavior is determined by internal causes such as personal traits

Answer 25

Dispositional attribution

Question 26

An assumption that a person's behavior is determined by external circumstances such as the social pressure found in a situation

Answer 26

Situational attribution

Question 27

The assumption that others act predominantly on the basis of their dispositions, even when there is evidence suggesting the importance of their situation

Answer 27

Fundamental attribution error

Question 28

The tendency to attribute our own behavior to situational factors but to attribute the behavior of others to dispositional factors

Answer 28

Actor-observer effect

Question 29

The area of social psychology that studies the wats in which people influence the thoughts, feelings, and behavior of others

Answer 29

Social influence

Question 30

A method for inducing compliance in which a small request is followed by a larger request

Answer 30

Foot-in-the-door technique

Question 31

The process by which a persons performance is increased when other members of a group engage in similar behavior

Answer 31

Social facilitation

Question 32

Concern that others are evaluating our behavior

Answer 32

Evaluation apprehension

Question 33

The spreading or sharing of responsibility for a decision or behavior within a group

Answer 33

Diffusion of responsibility

Question 34

Rules for predicting the final outcome of group decision-making on the basis of the members initial positions

Answer 34

Social decision scheme

Question 35

The process in which group members are influenced by comprehensive and a dynamic leader to ignore external realities as they make decisions

Answer 35

Groupthink

Question 36

The process by which group members may discontinue self-evaluation and adopt group norms and attitudes

Answer 36

Deindividuation

Question 37

Unselfish concern for the welfare of others

Answer 37

Altruism

Question 38

The tendency to avoid helping other people in emergencies when other people are also present and apparently capable of helping

Answer 38

Bystander effect