14. Synapse Flashcards
Name the 3 types of synapses
Axosomatic
axondendritic
axoaxonic
During depolarization at the axon terminal, _ channels open and _ enters the cell causing exocytosis of synaptic vesicle contents
voltage gated Ca channels
Ca
Ligand gated ion channels are _ while GPCR are _
ionotropic
metabotropic
ACh is made from _ and _ that is catalyzed by the enzyme _
acetyl CoA and choline
choline acetyltransferase or acetylase
What enzyme breaks down ACh in the synaptic cleft into choline and acetate?
acetylcholinesterase (AChE)
T/F If you block ACE, less ACh remains in the post-synaptic cleft
False (more ACh remains due to it not being broken down)
At the post-synaptic membrane, ACh binds to receptor which open _ channels (ligand-gated) allowing _ to rush in
monovalent cation channels
Na and K
The EPP is a type of _ potential when ligand gated channels open
graded
As Na rushes in through ligand gated channels, it can cause the cell to reach threshold and result in opening of _
voltage gated Na channels
_ is a type of drug that can block ACh ligand gated channels, thus causing paralyses of muscle fibers
Curare
_ (physostigmine) can block ACE and thus increase the use of ACh
eserine
Curare _ the EPP
lowers
Curare + eserine will result in an increase in EPP due to _
recruitment of other ACh receptors because of the increase in ACh
Small molecule transmitters are produced in the cell body and have their final production at the _
axon terminal
ACh, glutamate, aspartate, GABA, histamine, serotonin, (nor)epinephrine, and dopamine are types of _
small molecule neurotransmitters
_ transmitters are large NS
Peptide
Large peptide NS can not be _
reuptaked
Name 3 common ways to control NS
Diffusion
Reuptake
Enzymatic degradation
A _ can occur when a presynaptic neuron excites a postsyn neuron
EPSP
T/F IPSP can be hyper, de, or unpolarizing
True
What is the location where VG channels begin to show up on a neuron?
axon hillock or initial segment
The EPP for a postsyn cell is _
-60 mV
GABA binding results in _ while glutamate binding results in _
IPSP
EPSP
If equilibrium potential is above threshold it is _ while below it is _
excitatory
inhibitory
