Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Transport Across The Cell Membrane > Flashcards

Transport Across The Cell Membrane Flashcards

1
Q

How can solutes cross the cell membrane?

A

By diffusion, active transport, endocytosis and exocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How can solvents cross the cell membrane?

A

By osmosis and filtration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is diffusion?

A

The tendency of molecules or ions to move from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the diffusion across the cell membrane depend on?

A

Molecular size, lipid solubility, charge of the substance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are the main 2 types of diffusion across the cell membrane?

A

Simple and facilitated diffusion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Where does simple diffusion occur?

A

Through the lipid bilayer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Which substances can diffuse through the lipid bilayer of cell membrane?

A

Lipid-soluble substances, water, small uncharged water-soluble molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the factors that directly affect diffusion?

A

Lipid solubility, concentration gradient, surface area, temperature

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the factors that inversely affect diffusion?

A

Thickness of the membrane, molecular weight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is facilitated diffusion?

A

Passive movement of substances in the direction of their concentration which requires carrier proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How does facilitated diffusion work?

A

Molecules like glucose or amino acids bind to one of the carrier proteins, causing a change in the shape of the protein and this moves bound molecule from one side of the cell to the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is facilitated diffusion regulated by?

A

Hormones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are types of carrier proteins?

A

Uniport, symport, antiport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is uniport?

A

When the carrier transports only one molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is symport?

A

When the carrier transports two molecules in the same direction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is antiport?

A

When the carrier transports two molecules in opposite direction

17
Q

What are the characters of facilitated diffusion?

A

Carrier proteins, specificity, competitive inhibition, saturation

18
Q

What is meant by specificity in facilitated diffusion?

A

Each carrier is specific for one or few substances

19
Q

What is meant by competitive inhibition in facilitated diffusion?

A

Similar molecules compete for the same carrier

20
Q

What is meant by saturation in facilitated diffusion?

A

As the concentration of the substance increases, the rate of facilitated diffusion increases up to a maximum due to saturation of all carriers

21
Q

What is primary active transport?

A

The transport of substances against their concentration or electrica gradients, requires specific carrier proteins and energy

22
Q

What are examples of primary active transport?

A

Na-K pump, Ca 2+ pump, H+ pump

23
Q

How does the Na+ - K+ pump work?

A

3 Na+ ions will bind to the carrier from inside, while 2 k+ ions will bind from outside. This will activate ATPase of carrier leading for hydrolysis of ATP liberating the energy. This energy causes the carriers pushing Na+ to outside and K+ to inside the cell

24
Q

What can inhibit the activity of Na+ - K+ pump?

A

Ouabain and related digitalis glycosides, used in treatment of heart failure

25
Q

What are the functions of Na+ - K+ pump?

A

Electrogenic pump ( creates more positivity outside the cell)
Controls the cell volume

26
Q

What is secondary active transport?

A

It is the contransport of Na+ down its electrochemical gradient( created by the primary active transport) and another substance; glucose or amino acids by a carrier protein

27
Q

What is osmosis?

A

Passive movement of water through a semipermeable membrane from an area of low solute area to an area of high solute area

28
Q

What is osmotic pressure?

A

The pressure applied on the concentrated solution to prevent water movement from the diluted solution

29
Q

What is filtration?

A

The passive movement of water through a porous membrane due to difference in hydrostatic pressure on the two sides of membrane

30
Q

What are the factors that will affect filtration?

A

Pressure gradient, surface area of the membrane, membrane permeability

Physiology (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions