Archaea and Eubacteria

Question 1

Endosymbiosis

Answer 1

when one cell lives inside another

Question 2

Endosymbiotic Theory

Answer 2

The current explanation that estimates how multicellular cells evolved

Question 3

What are believed to be the first living things on Earth?

Answer 3

Archaea because they live in extreme conditions that mimic Earth’s early atmosphere

Question 4

What are some examples of extreme conditions Archaea live in?

Answer 4

boiling/acidic water, super-salty pools, antarctic permanent ice,

Question 5

What does Archaea mean?

Answer 5

early or primitive

Question 6

Describe the relationship between Archaea and bacteria.

Answer 6

They are as different as they are from plants and animals

Question 7

Are archaea cells made out of peptidoglycan?

Answer 7

NO. That is what makes bacteria cell walls

Question 8

Where can Archaea be found?

Answer 8

EVERYWHERE, but excellent in extreme conditions unlike almost all other forms of life

Question 9

What are some characteristics of Archaea?

Answer 9

They don’t require oxygen, they do not perform photosynthesis, they are anaerobic, they obtain their energy from inorganic molecules from the sun

Question 10

Name the three types of Archaea.

Answer 10

Methanogens, Halophiles, Thermoacidophiles

Question 11

What archaea produce methane?

Answer 11

Methanogens

Question 12

Where are methanogens found?

Answer 12

In oxygen-free environments - marshes, sewage treatment plants and intestines of grass eating animals like cows

Question 13

What do methanogens grow on?

Answer 13

carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas

Question 14

What is the waste product of methanogens

Answer 14

methane - convert inorganic molecules

Question 15

Which Archaea is salt-loving?

Answer 15

Halophiles

Question 16

Where are halophiles found?

Answer 16

extremely saline environments, like the dead sea (35% saly - reg ocean 3.5%

Question 17

Where do halophiles get their energy from?

Answer 17

food molecules and light

Question 18

Define Thermoacidophiles.

Answer 18

The heat and acid-loving archaea

Question 19

What PH level can thermoacidophiles live in?

Answer 19

pH 1 or 2

Question 19

Which Archaea obtains bacteria from sulfur

Answer 19

thermoacidophiles

Question 20

How might one detect the presence of Archaea bacteria with the naked human eye?

Answer 20

Natural sites, like ponds with really cool and unnatural colours

Question 21

How can methanogens be used?

Answer 21

to help digest sewage and oil spills, an alternative energy source as they produce methane

Question 22

The inside of Archaea and what are they?

Answer 22

Archaea are prokaryotes and have a nucleoid region and lack organelles

Question 23

endosymbiont

Answer 23

a cell that lives within a host cell

Question 24

Serial endosymbiosis

Answer 24

supposes that mitochondria
evolved before plastids through a sequence of
endosymbiotic events