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Crime & Deviance - Sociology > 4. Marxist Explanations Of Crime And Deviance > Flashcards

4. Marxist Explanations Of Crime And Deviance Flashcards

1
Q

Define criminogenic capitalism

A

Capitalism by its nature, brings the likelihood of crime.

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2
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What is said about the very nature of capitalism?

A

The very nature of capitalism causes crime

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3
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What does the capitalist society promote?

A

Promotes financial success, excessive wealth, greed, individualism

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4
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What are capitalist values?

A

Capitalist values encourage competition, economic self-interest, financial independence, betterment are all admired.

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5
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What else des capitalism promote?

A

False needs

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6
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What does clear advertising show us?

A

Shows us the good life, the good things that we are then convinced to buy

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7
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What does a capitalist society create?

A

False needs - but does not provide the opptounities to meet those needs so people to turn to crime.

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8
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: Who argues greed and individualism is promoted by capitalism?

A

Chambliss

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9
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What did Chambliss say about greed and individualism promoted by capitalism?

A

Greed and individualism promoted by capitalism leads people to use whatever means necessary.

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10
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What are even the richest not protected against?

A

Even the riches are not protected from the lures of crime

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11
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: What did Gordon say capitals creates?

A

‘Dog eat dog’ - crime is a rational responses in order to survive.

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12
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: Who came up with the theory ‘dog eat dog’

A

Gordon

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13
Q

Criminogenic capitalism: what makes crime is reasonable alternative?

A

Lack of opportunities makes crime a reasonable alternative

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14
Q
  1. The law reflects ruling class ideology: Who sets laws and what’s significant?
A

Parliament sets laws, Most MP’s are middle class - the ruling class.

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15
Q
  1. The law reflects ruling class ideology: What did Chambliss say about laws?
A

Laws are not a product of value consensus but reflects ruling class ideology

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16
Q
  1. The law reflects ruling class ideology: What did Box say about laws?
A

Laws are ideologically constructed

17
Q
  1. The law reflects ruling class ideology: What did Reiman do to highlight injustices of laws?
A

He wrote a book called ‘the riche get richer and the poor get prison’

18
Q
  1. The law reflects ruling class ideology: What does Snider accuse governments of?
A

Only passing laws against corporations when forced to do so

19
Q
  1. Selective law enforcement: Which crimes are most heavily policed?
A

Street crimes are the crimes most heavily policed.

20
Q
  1. Selective law enforcement: Which crime are not policed?
A

Crime of the rich

21
Q
  1. Selective law enforcement: Which crimes cause lots of harm?
A

Corporate crimes cause far more harm and have the biggest financial effects.

22
Q
  1. Selective law enforcement: What does Althusser say there is to keep people in line?
A

There is a repressive sate apparatus to keep people in line.

23
Q
  1. Selective law enforcement: What happens if the rich are caught?
A

The rich if caught are more Isley or win their case in court e.g good lawyers, money, judges are more lenient as they see similarities.

24
Q
  1. Selective law enforcement: Which crimes are rarely prosecuted if from the ruling class?
A

Fraud, tax evasion, man slaughter

25
Q

What do Neo-Marxists agree about?

A

Neo-Marxists agree the key to understanding crime lies in the material basis of society and inequalities of wealth and power

26
Q

What is the answer to not having an unequal society?

A

The answer is the radical transformation of society away from capitalism.

27
Q

What are the main claims made by neo-Marxists?

A
  1. No one is forced to commit crime; its a choice.
  2. Working class criminals are Robin Hood figures
28
Q

Neo-Marxism: The new criminology: Who developed ‘The new criminology’ and why?

A

Taylor et al. To challenge traditional Marxist theories which they feel are too deterministic.

29
Q

Neo-Marxism: Thee new criminology: What did they say about crime and biology?

A

People have a choice. Crime is not caused by biology, anomie, being part of a subculture, by poverty or living in a disorganised area.

30
Q

Neo-Marxism: The new criminology: What do neo-Marxist think crimes are?

A

Crimes are deliberate and conscious, planned acts, often with a political motive against the system.

31
Q

Neo-Marxism: The new criminology: What happens if a poor person steals from the rich?

A

They are redistributing wealth; they are reforming capitalism

32
Q

Neo-Marxism: The new criminology: What are laws unnecessarily?

A

Laws are unnecessarily intolerant and restrictive. Neo-Marxists want to see freedom and acceptance of deviant groups like hippies, homosexuals etc

33
Q

Policing the crisis: Who came up with the ‘policing crisis’ theory and what is it?

A

Hall et al - The establishment created a moral panic over W/C street crimes to distract from other matters are eraser their position of power / hegemony.

34
Q

Neo-Marxism: The new criminology: What are ‘Scapegoats’?

A

Young black people who became described in the press as young criminals to be feared.

35
Q

Criticism of Marxist and Neo-Marxists theories: What type of crime do they emphasise?

A

-They over emphasise property crime and don’t have much to say about non-property crime like rape, domestic violence etc

36
Q

Criticism of Marxist and Neo-Marxists theories: What do they over emphasise?

A

Class inequalities in relation to crime and neglect other inequalities e.g gender and ethnicity

37
Q

Criticism of Marxist and Neo-Marxists theories: What do many Feminists regard Marxists theories of crime as?

A

Male stream for focussing manly on male criminality

38
Q

Criticism of Marxist and Neo-Marxists theories: What are traditional Marxist theories?

A

Too deterministic. Forced into circumstances beyond their control.

39
Q

Criticism of Marxist and Neo-Marxists theories: Who do they pay little attention to?

A

the victims of crime

Crime & Deviance - Sociology (16 decks)

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