9. Ethnicity and Crime

Question 1

What percentage of the population are black?

Answer 1

3% of the population are black

Question 2

How many black people get stopped and searched?

Answer 2

18%

Question 3

What percentage of the population are white?

Answer 3

85%

Question 4

What are police characterised by?

Answer 4

Institutional Racism

Question 5

What does police’s culture tend to do?

Answer 5

Disadvantage or exclude non-white people.

Question 6

What is ingrained in the system?

Answer 6

Racism is not necessarily intentional but ingrained in the system.

Question 7

What happened in March 2020

Answer 7

Black people were over nine and a half times more likely to be stopped and searched that white people

Question 8

How many BMC officers are there?

Answer 8

Just 7% of the police service

Question 9

What is the twenty-two years on report?

Answer 9

Shows the disproportionality of stop and searches is greater now than it was twenty-two years ago.

Question 10

Whose theory is canteen culture?

Answer 10

Reiner

Question 11

What does Reiner say about canteen culture?

Answer 11

There is a distinct canteen culture in the police that stems from a strong collective identity.

Question 12

What are the core characteristics of canteen culture?

Answer 12

Cynical, suspicious, mistrust of ordinary population and moreover the non-white population.

Question 13

What approach does Reiner take?

Answer 13

Labelling approach

Question 14

What is clear about stop and search data?

Answer 14

There is clear bias in stop & search, arrests and convictions.

Question 15

Which races are more likely to be stopped and searched?

Answer 15

Black and Asian more likely to be stopped and searched repeatedly and to have more ‘intrusive searches’

Question 16

Who is more likely to be targeted for suspicious activity or serious violence/ terrorism?

Answer 16

Black and Asians

Question 17

What happens when Black or Asians are arrested?

Answer 17

they are usually arrested without any adequate evidence. - Selective law enforcement

Question 18

What don’t self report studies support?

Answer 18

SRS do not support police statistics

Question 19

What do self-report studies show?

Answer 19

They show white males commit the most serious offenses e.g violence, drug selling.

Question 20

Who says there is evidence for racism in the police?

Answer 20

Lea & Young

Question 21

What do Lea & Young say?

Answer 21

They say not police to blame but society disadvantages ethnic minorities particularly black youths

Question 22

What are ethnic minorities less likely to do?

Answer 22

Succeed in education, less likely to gain a well paid job so more likely to be unemployed.

Question 23

What are ethnic minorities more likely to face?

Answer 23

Blocked opportunities

Question 24

What are black carribean youths more likely to have?

Answer 24

Single mothers, lack of male role model and father figure

Question 25

Which areas are police more likely to target?

Answer 25

Areas that have more ethnic minorities living there, doesn’t mean there wrong or racist, its where the crime is/ shown by Islington crime survey.

Question 26

What is a myth according to Prof Gilroy?

Answer 26

AO3 Black Criminality is a myth

Question 27

What does Hall et al say is most likely to blame?

Answer 27

The focus placed on black youths is most likely to blame

Question 28

What does blame on black youths promote?

Answer 28

Promotes a violent reaction as defense meaning they’d then be arrested and tried for crimes of violence