Chapter 3 Flashcards
Operational definition
A precise description of a procedure used to empirically test a theoretical concept. involves clearly defined parameters for measuring when a behavior occurs or
does not occur
Writing Operational Target Behavior
Definitions
Accurate, Complete, Concise, Inclusions, Exclusions
Partial Interval Recording:
Record whether the behavior happened at any time
during the interval. Tends to underestimate high-frequency behavior and
overestimate duration.
Whole Interval Recording:
At the end of each interval, it is recorded if the
behavior happened during the whole interval. The longer the interval, the more
whole interval will underestimate the occurrence of the behavior
Momentary Time Sampling:
The recorder notes whether the behavior happens at
the moment each interval ends. It is not recommended for low-frequency, short duration behaviors.
PLACHECK
planned activity check) is momentary time sampling for group engagement.
Indirect measurement
Measuring a behavior other than the behavior of interest
Anecdotal observation
AKA ABC Recording, A form of direct, continuous observation in which the observer records a descriptive, temporally sequenced account of all behaviors of interest and the antecedent conditions and consequences for those behaviors as those events occur in the client’s natural environment.
Behavior Checklist
An itemized list that describes specific skills and the conditions under which each skill should be observed. Some checklists are designed to assess one particular behavior or skill area. Others address multiple behaviors or skill areas. Most use a Likert scale to rate responses.
Behavioral Assessment
A form of assessment that includes indirect and direct procedures such as interviews, checklists, and tests to identify and define the specific target behavior. In addition to identifying behaviors to change, comprehensive behavioral assessment can uncover functional relations between variables; it provides context on the resources, assets, significant others, competing contingencies, maintenance, and generalization factors and the reinforcers that can be combined to improve the efficiency of an intervention.
behavioral Cusp
A behavior that has sudden and dramatic consequences that extend well beyond the idiosyncratic change itself because it exposes the person to new environments, reinforcers, contingencies, responses, and stimulus controls.
Ecological assessment
An assessment protocol that acknowledges complex interrelationships between environment and behavior.
function based definition
Designates responses as members of the targeted response class solely in terms of their common effects on the environment.
Habilitation
occur when a person’s repertoire has been changed such that short and long-term reformers are maximized and short long erm punishers are minimized.
normalization
As a philosophy and principle, the belief is that people with disabilities should, to the maximum extent possible, be physically and socially integrated into the mainstream of society regardless of the degree or type of disability. As an approach to intervention, the use of progressively more typical settings and procedures to establish and or maintain personal behaviors that are as culturally normal as possible.
