Week 8 chapter 16

Question 1

Evocative effect

Answer 1

increase in the current frequency of behvaior that has been reinforced by some stimulus, object, or event.

Question 2

Abative Effect

Answer 2

Decrease in the current frequency of behavir that has been reinforced by some stimulus, object, or event.

Question 3

Value altering effects

Answer 3

An increase in the reinforcung effectivness of some stimulus, object, or event (EO) OR a decrease in reinforcing effectiveness of some stimulus, object, or event (Abolishing operation)

Question 4

Behavior-altering effects

Answer 4

Operate on the current frquency og the behavior, involves antecedent variables, and can evoke abate responses, but not alter them.

Question 5

function altering effects

Answer 5

Operate on the future frequency of the behavior, consequences variables (reinforcers, punishes, extinction, recovery) and change repertoire of functional relations.

Question 6

SD

Answer 6

Related to the differential availability of a currently effective form of reincorcememnt for a particular type of behavior.

Question 7

MO

Answer 7

Related to the differential reinforcing effectivness of a particular type of encurinmental event.

Question 8

Why does an SD effect behavior?

Answer 8

Its precesnse has been correlated with the differential availability of an effective reinforcer in the past.

Question 9

Differential availability

Answer 9

the relevant consequence has been available in the presence of the SD and unavailable in its absence.

Question 10

An MO controlls behavior because…

Answer 10

Its relation to the differential effectivness og a reingorcer for that behavior.

Question 11

Differential effectivness

Answer 11

The relevant consequence has been effective in the presence of and ineffective in the absence of the MO.

Question 12

Unconditioned Motivating Operations

Answer 12

Value altering motivating effects that are unlearned

Question 13

Conditioned Motivating Operations

Answer 13

Value -altering motivating effects that are a function of a learning history.

Question 14

Examples of UMOs

Answer 14

Deprivation and satiation UMOS, UMOs relevant to sexual reinforcement, temperature changes, and painful stimulation.

Question 15

Deprivation and satiation UMOs

Answer 15

Deprivation of food, water, oxygen, activity, and sleep= reinforcer-establishing and evocative effects.

Ingestion of food and water, oxygen intake, engaging in activity, and sleep= reinforcer-abolishing and abative effects.

Question 16

True or false: Individuals do not have to understand anything for an MO to have value-altering and behavior-altering effects.

Answer 16

True

Question 17

True or False: Relevant MO does not have to be in effect in future circumstances if behavior is to occur?

Answer 17

False, MO must be in effect

Question 18

Weakening effects of an EO

Answer 18

Reinforcer-establishing and evocative effects of UMOs can be temporarily weakened

Cannot permanently weaken value-altering effects of UMOs

Behavior-altering effects are based on history of reinforcement.

Question 19

Frequencyof behavior result of:

Answer 19

Direct evocative or abative effect of the MO on response frequency or indirect effect on the evocative or abative strength of relevant SDs

Question 20

Dimensions of behavior-altering effects

Answer 20

Frequency, Response magnitude, response latency, and relative frequency.

Question 21

Abolishing operation

Answer 21

A motivating operation that decreases the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, operation, or event. For example, the reinforcing effectiveness of food is abolished as a result of food ingestion.

Question 22

establishing operation

Answer 22

A motivating operation that increases the effectiveness of some stimulus, object or event.

Question 23

reflexive conditioned motivating operation (CMO-R)

Answer 23

A stimulus that acquires MO effectiveness by preceding some form of worsening or improvement. It is exemplified by the warning stimulus in a typical escape-avoidance procedure, which establishes its own offset as reinforcement and evokes all behavior that has accomplished that offset.

Question 24

Reinforcer-abolishing effect

Answer 24

A decrease in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.

Question 25

Reinforcer-establishing effect

Answer 25

An increase in the reinforcing effectiveness of a stimulus, object, or event caused by a motivating operation.

Question 26

surrogate conditioned motivating operation (CMO-S)

Answer 26

A stimulus that acquires its MO effectiveness by being paired with another MO and has the same value-altering and behavior-altering effects as the MO with which it was paired.

Question 27

Transitive conditioned motivating operation (CMT-O)

Answer 27

An environmental variable that as a result of learning history, establishes or abolishes the reinforcing effectiveness of anther stimulus and evokes or abates the behavior that has been reinforced by that other stimulus.

Question 28

MO pairing