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Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 > lesson 1- basic anatomy > Flashcards

lesson 1- basic anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

describe the anatomical position

A

standing upright
Feet together
Hands by the side, palm facing forward
Eyes looking forward
Mouth is closed with neutral facial expres­sion
Toes pointing forward

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2
Q

describe distal

A

furthest away

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3
Q

describe proximal

A

closest

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4
Q

give an example of a proximal and distal pair

A

the ulna is more distal than the humorous. therefore, the humorous is more proximal (to the midline)

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5
Q

what is the midline?

A

line down centre of the body

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6
Q

what is the anterior? give an example

A

the front. palm of hand in anatomical position

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7
Q

what is the posterior? give an example

A

back, e.g. back of hand in anatomical position

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8
Q

describe medial

A

closer to the midline

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9
Q

describe lateral

A

further away from the midline

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10
Q

give an example of a pair using lateral and medial.

A

radius is more medial to the ulna in the anatomical position.

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11
Q

what does inferior mean?

A

bellow

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12
Q

what does superior mean?

A

above

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13
Q

give an example of a bone superior to the fibula

A

femur

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14
Q

what does superficial mean?

A

surface of the skin

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15
Q

what does deep mean?

A

further away from the skin

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16
Q

what does cephalad mean?

A

close to the head.

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17
Q

what does ciudad mean?

A

towards the feet.

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18
Q

give an example of when cephalad and caudad can be used.

A

‘cracking’ spine in an angled direction. towards head is cephalad, ‘cracking’ downwards would be caudad.

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19
Q

describe the movement of adduction

A

towards the body

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20
Q

describe the movement of abduction

A

away from the body.

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21
Q

name a different type of add/abduction and describe it.

A

horizontal. close horizontal angle is to adduct.

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22
Q

describe the movement of flexion

A

close joint angle

23
Q

describe the movement of extension

A

opens joint angle

24
Q

describe the movement of internal rotation. give example

A

turning in. anatomical position, pal, rotates towards the body.

25
Q

describe the movement of external rotation

A

turning out

26
Q

name a movement that can only occur in radius and ulna

A

deviation

27
Q

describe the movement of pronation

A

move in

28
Q

describe the movement of super nation

A

move out

29
Q

where can pronation and super nation only occur?

A

wrists and ankles

30
Q

describe the movement of lateral flexion

A

spine moves inwards

31
Q

describe the movement of plantar flexion

A

PLANT TOE IN GROUND. point foot downwards

32
Q

describe the movement of dorsi flexion

A

foot moves up

33
Q

describe the movement of CIRCUMDUCTION

A

shoulder rotates all the way around, arm circles

34
Q

what does the frontal plane divide the body into?

A

anterior and posterior parts

35
Q

which movement occurs in the frontal plane?

A

adduction/ abduction, lateral flexion

36
Q

what does the sagittal plane divide the body into?

A

right and left portions = midline.

37
Q

which movement occurs in the sagittal plane?

A

flexion and extension

38
Q

what does the transverse plane divide the body into?

A

top and bottom of the body

39
Q

which movement occurs in the transverse plane

A

rotation. stuck in place, can only turn and rotate.

40
Q

which axes is located in the frontal plane?

A

sagittal horizontal axis

41
Q

which axes is located in the sagittal plane?

A

frontal horizontal axis

42
Q

which axis is found in the transverse plane?

A

vertical axes. (straight down, allowing rotation)

43
Q

list all types of movement.

A

-adduction
-abduction
-flexion
-extension
-internal rotation
-extrernal rotation
-deviation
-pronation
-supernation
-lateral flexion
-plantar flexion
-dorsi flexion
-circumduction

44
Q

name the three types of planes

A

-frontal plane
-saggital plane
-transverse plane

45
Q

name the word describing ‘furthest from midline’

A

lateral

46
Q

name the word describing ‘closest’

A

proximal

47
Q

name the word describing ‘below’

A

inferior

48
Q

name the word describing ‘furthest away’

A

distal

49
Q

name the word describing ‘front’

A

anterior

50
Q

name the word describing ‘closest to midline’

A

medial

51
Q

name the word describing ‘above’

A

superior

52
Q

name the word describing ‘line down centre of the body’

A

midline

53
Q

name the word describing ‘back’

A

posterior

Clinical Anatomy- Term 1 (15 decks)

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