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From Flashcardlet > KvhW glossary > Flashcards

KvhW glossary Flashcards

1
Q

Abacus

A

The uppermost portion of the capital of a column, usually a thin slab

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2
Q

Abdis/Abdij/Abt

A

A religious community under the direction of an abbot (for monks) or an abbess (for nuns)

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3
Q

Polijsten

A

The rubbing or grinding of stone or another material to produce a smooth surface

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4
Q

Abstract

A

Nonrepresentational; forms and colors arranged without reference

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5
Q

Adobe

A

The clay used to make a kind of sundried mud brick of the same name; building made of such brick

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6
Q

Beuk

A

The portion of a basilica flanking the nave and separated from it by a row of columns or piers

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7
Q

Vleugel van een gebouw

A

A recatangular recess at the back of the atrium of a roman house

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8
Q

Alchemie

A

The study of seemingly magical changes, especially chemical changes

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9
Q

Altaarstuk/retabel

A

A panel, painted or sculpted, situated above and behind an altar

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10
Q

Alternerend stelsel

A

Supports the nave, usually piers or columns or compund piers of alternating form

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11
Q

Amazonomachine

A

In greekmythology, the battle between the greeks and the amazons

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12
Q

Ambulatorium

A

A coverd walkway, outdoors or indoors; especially the passage way around the apse and the choir of the church

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13
Q

Deambulatorium

A

A classical temple plan which the columns are placed across both the front and back, but not along the sides

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14
Q

Amfora

A

An ancient greek two handeld jar used for general storage purposes, usually to hold wine or oil

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15
Q

Amulet

A

An object worn to ward off evil to ward off evil or to aid the wearer

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16
Q

Anamorfose

A

A disorted image that must be viewed by some special means (such as a mirror) to be recognized

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17
Q

Ante

A

The molded projecting ends of the walls forming the pranoas or opisthodomos of an ancient greek temple

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18
Q

Apadena

A

The great audience hall in ancient persian palaces

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19
Q

Apostel, discipel

A

Greek, “messenger” one of the 12disciples of jesus

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20
Q

Apsis

A

A recess, usually semicircular, in the wall of the building, commonly found at the eat end of the church

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21
Q

Arcade

A

A series of arches supported by piers or columns

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22
Q

Boog

A

A curved structural member that spans an opening and is generally composed of wedgeshaped blocks (voussoirs) that transmit the downward pressure laterally

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23
Q

Archaisch

A

The artistic style of 600-480BC in greece, characterized in part by the use of the composite view for paintedand relief figures and of egyptian stances for statues

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24
Q

Archaische glimlach

A

Sculptors way of indicating that the person portrayed is alive

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25
Q

Architraaf

A

The lintel or lowest division of the entablature. Classical epistyle

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26
Q

Archivolt

A

The continous molding framing an arch

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27
Q

Boogvormig

A

Arch-shaped

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28
Q

Arena

A

Roman amphitheater: central area where acts took place

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29
Q

Armature

A

Diagonal arches from a sceletal framework in a church

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30
Q

Arriccio

A

In fresco painting, the first layer of rough lime plaster applied to a wall

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31
Q

Gestapelde muur

A

Carefully cut and regularly shaped blocksof stone used for construction, fitted together without mortar

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32
Q

Atlant

A

A male figure that functions as a supporting column

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33
Q

Atrium

A

The central reception room of a roman house that is partly open to the sky.

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34
Q

Attiek

A

The uppermost story of a building, triumphal arch, or city gate

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35
Q

Automatisme

A

In painting, the process of yielding oneself to instinctive motions of the hands after establishing a set of conditions within which s work is to be carried put

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36
Q

Axiaalgebouw

A

The horizontal arrangement of the parts of the building. The parts of thr building are organized longitudinally, or along a given axis

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37
Q

Baldakijn

A

A canopy on columns, frequently built over the altar

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38
Q

Baldacco

A

Italian “sild from baghdad”

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39
Q

Basement

A

The lowest part of the ionic and corinthian columns

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40
Q

Basiliek

A

A civic building for legal and other civic proceedings, rectangular in plan with an entrance usually alongside

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41
Q

Travee

A

The space between two columns, or one unit in the nave arcade of the church

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42
Q

Belvedere

A

Italian for beautiful view

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43
Q

Ben-ben

A

A pyramidal stone: a fetish of the egyptian god Re

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44
Q

Bestiarium

A

A book type dealing with real and imaginary animals

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45
Q

Spiegelsymmetrie

A

Having the same forms on either side of a central axis

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46
Q

Zwartfigurige schilderkunst

A

The silhouetting of dark figures against a light background of natural, reddish clay with linear details incised through the silhouettes

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47
Q

Blinde-boog

A

An arcade having no actual openings, applied as decoration to a wall surface

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48
Q

Burijn

A

A pointed tool used for engraving or incising

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49
Q

Steunbeer

A

An exterior masonry structure that opposes the lateral thrust of an arch or vault. A pier buttress is a solid mass of masonary; a flying butress consists typically of an inclinded member carried on an arch or a series of arches and a solid buttress to which it transmits a lateral thrust

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50
Q

Caementa

A

Latin, small stones, ingredients of roman concrete

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51
Q

Caldarium

A

The hot-bath section of a roman bathing establishment

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52
Q

Kalief

A

Islamic rulers, successors of muhammad

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53
Q

Kalligrafie

A

Greek, beautiful writing, elegant with decorative writing

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54
Q

Calotypie

A

A photographic process in which a postive image is made by shining light through a negative image onto a sheet of sensitized paper

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55
Q

Camera lucida

A

Latin, lighted room, a device in which a small lens projects the image of an object downward onto a sheet of paper

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56
Q

Camera obscura

A

Latin, darkroom, a tiny pinhole acting as a lens, projecting an image on a screen. A drawing aid for copying nature

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57
Q

Campanile

A

A bell tower of a church, usually, but not always freestanding

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58
Q

Maat(staf)

A

A rule of proportion. Human figure for buildings

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59
Q

Kapiteel

A

The uppermost member of a column, serving as a transition from the shaft to the lintel. In classical architecture, the form of the capital varies with order

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60
Q

Capitolium

A

An ancient roman temple dedicated to the gods jupiter, juno and minerva

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61
Q

Capriccio

A

Italian, originality, used to praise talent of the artist

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62
Q

Karolingisch

A

Pertaining to the empire of charlemagne and his successors

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63
Q

Tapijtpagina

A

A decorative page resembling textile

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64
Q

Carton

A

Full-sized preliminary drawing from which a painting is made

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65
Q

Kathedraal

A

A bishops church. Deriving from Cathedra, referring to the bishops seat

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66
Q

Cavea

A

Latin, hollow place or cavity, the seating area in ancient greek and roman theaters and amphitheaters

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67
Q

Cella

A

The chamber at the center of the temple; in a classical temple, the room (greek naos), in which the cult statue usually stood

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68
Q

Centauromachie

A

Battle between greeks and centaurs

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69
Q

Chaplet

A

A metal pin used in hollow casting to connect the investment with the clay core

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70
Q

Clair-obscur

A

The treatment and use of light and dark, effect of modeling

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71
Q

Beitel

A

A tool with a straight blade at one end of cutting and shaping stone or wood

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72
Q

Chiton

A

The essential garmet of both men and women, the other being the himation. Worn by ancient greeks

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73
Q

Koor

A

Space reserved for the clergy and singers in the church, usually east of the transept, in some instances, extending to the nave

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74
Q

Christusmonogram

A

The three initial letters (chi-rho-iota) of christs name in greek, which came to serve as a monogram for christ

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75
Q

Chryselefantine

A

Fashioned of gold and ivory

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76
Q

Stadstaad

A

An independent, self-governing city

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77
Q

Klassiek

A

The art and culture of ancient greece between 480-323BC

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78
Q

Lichtbeuk

A

The fenestrated part of a building that rises above the roofs of other parts. The windows that form the naves uppermost level below the timber ceiling or vaults

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79
Q

Cel

A

French “partition”. A place made of metal wire or a narrow metal strip solderd edgeup to a metal base to hold enamel, semiprecious stones, pieces of colored glass, or glass paste fired to resemble sparkling jewels

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80
Q

Cloisonne

A

A decorative metal work technique employing cloisons; also decorative brickwork in later Byzantine architecture

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81
Q

Klooster(om)gang

A

A monestary courtyard, usually with coverd walks or ambulatories along its sides

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82
Q

Bundelpijler

A

.

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83
Q

Manuscript

A

Separate pages if vellum or pachment bound together at one side;the predecessor of the modern book. The codex superseded the rotulus

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84
Q

Cassette

A

A sunken panel, often ornamental, in a vault or ceiling

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85
Q

Collage

A

A composition made by combining on a flat surface various materials

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86
Q

Colonnade

A

A series or row of columns, usually spanned by lintels

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87
Q

Colonet

A

A thin column

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88
Q

Samengesteld aanzicht

A

A convention of representation in which part of a figure is shown in profile and another part of the same figure is shown frontally. This is also called twisted perspective

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89
Q

Bundelpijler

A

A pier with a group, or cluster, of attracted shafts, or responds, especially characteristic of gothic architecture

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90
Q

Kraagsteen/console

A

A projecting wall member used as a support for some element in the superstructure. Also courses of stone or brick in which each course projects beyond the one beneath it. Two such walls, meeting at the topmost course, create a corbeled arch, or corbeled vault

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91
Q

Kroonlijst

A

The projecting, crowning member of the entablature framing the pediment, also any crowning projection

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92
Q

Laag

A

In masonry construction, a horizontal row of stone blocks

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93
Q

Kruising/viering

A

The space in a cruciform church formed by the intersection of the nave and the transept

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94
Q

Viering

A

The area in a church formed by the intersection (crossing) of a nave and a transept of equal width, often used as a standard module of interior proportion

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95
Q

Vieringtoren

A

The tower over the crossing of a church

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96
Q

Cubiculum

A

A small cubicle or bedroom that opened onto the atrium if a roman house, also a chamber in an early Christian catacombs that served as a mortuary chapel

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97
Q

Cultusbeeld

A

The statue of the deity that stood in the cells of an ancient temple

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98
Q

Spijkerschrift

A

Latin,”wedge-shaped”. A system of writing used in ancient Mesopotamia, in which wedgeshaped characters were produced by incising a soft clay tablet, which was then baked or otherwise allowed to harden

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99
Q

Combinatie van doorsnede en gevelaanzicht

A

.an architectural drawing that combines an exterior view with an interior viriw of part of a building

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100
Q

Cycladisch

A

Pertaining to the Cycladic is,ands of the Aegean Sea. The prehistoric art of the Cyclades during the third millennium BC

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101
Q

Cyclopische muur

A

A method of stone construction, named after the mythical Cyclopes, using massive, irregular blocks without mortar, characteristic of the Bronze Age fortifications of tiryns and other Mycenaean sites

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102
Q

Deadalish

A

The greek sculptural style of the seventh century BC named after the legendary Daedalus

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103
Q

Damnatio memoriae

A

The roman decree condemning those who ran afoul of the senate. Those who suffered damnatio memoriae had their memorials demolished and their names erased from public inscriptions

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104
Q

Demos

A

Greek, the people,from which the word democracy is derived

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105
Q

Disegno

A

Italian, drawing and design. Renaissance artists considered drawing to be the external physical manifestation of an internal intellectual idea of design (disegno interno)

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106
Q

Disputatio

A

Latin, logical argument, the philosophical methodology used in scholasticism

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107
Q

Doge

A

A rulr of the rupublic of Venice, Italy

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108
Q

Koepel

A

A hemispheric vault; theoretically an arch rotated on its vertical, Italy

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109
Q

Domus

A

A roman private house

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110
Q

Dorisch

A

One of the two systems invented in Ancient Greece for articulating the three unix if the elevation

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111
Q

Tamboer

A

The cylindrical wall that supports a dome

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112
Q

Fresco secco

A

Dried painting on a wall

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113
Q

Echinus

A

The convex element of a capital directly below the abacus

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114
Q

Borduurwek

A

The technique of sewing threads onto a finished ground to form contrasting designs

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115
Q

Email

A

A decorative costing, usually colored, fusing onto the surface of metal glass or ceramics

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116
Q

Encaustiek

A

A paiting technique in which a pigment is mixed with wax andalplied to the surface while hot

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117
Q

Halfzuil

A

A half-round column attached to a wall

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118
Q

Hoofdgestel

A

The part of a building above the columns and below the roof. The entablature has three parts: architrave, frieze and pediment

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119
Q

Entasis

A

A convex profile in the shaft of a column

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120
Q

Facade

A

Usually, the front of a building; also the other sides when they are emphasized architecturally

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121
Q

Faience

A

A low-fired opaque glass,Ike silicate

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122
Q

Waaiergewelf

A

See vault

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123
Q

Fantasia

A

Italian, imagination. On of several terms use in Italian renaissance literature to praise originality and talent of artists

124
Q

Fasces

A

A bundle of rods with an axe attached, ancemblemvof authority in Ancient Rome

125
Q

Fasciae

A

In the ionic Oder,the three horizontal bands that make up the architrave

126
Q

Fauces

A

Latin, jaws. In a roman house, the narrow foyer leading to the atrium

127
Q

Vensterindeling

A

The arrangement of the windows of a building

128
Q

Vindplaats

A

Place where an artifact was found, or provenance

129
Q

Final

A

Crowning ornament

130
Q

Eerste Stijl

A

The earliest style of the riambvmyra,painting, in which the aim of the artist was to imitate, using painted stucco relief,bathe appearance of costly marble panels

131
Q

Plaque

A

In making stained glass windows,causing one layer of colored glass to another to produce a greater range of colors

132
Q

Franse lelie

A

A three peaked iris flower;the royal flower of France

133
Q

Florijn

A

The denomination of gold coin of renaissance Florence that because an international currency for trade

134
Q

Cannelure

A

Vertical channeling, roughly semicircular in cross-section and used principally on columns and pilasters

135
Q

Luchtboog

A

See butress

136
Q

Folio

A

A page of a manuscript or book

137
Q

Verkorting

A

The use of perspective to present in art the apparent visual contraction of an object that extends back in space at an angle to the perpendicular plane of sight

138
Q

Forum

A

The sublic square of an ancient roman city

139
Q

Burijn

A

A sharp metal instrument for incising metal or stone or other materials

140
Q

Grieks kruis

A

A cross with four arms of equals length

141
Q

Grisaille/grauwtje

A

A monochrome painting done mainly in neutral grays to stimulate sculpture

142
Q

Graat

A

See vault

143
Q

Grondlijn

A

In paintings and reliefs,a painted or carved baseline on which figures appear or stand

144
Q

Glide

A

An association of merchants, craftpersons, or scholars in medieval and renaissance Europe

145
Q

Hellenen

A

The name the ancient Greeks called themselves as the people of Hellas

146
Q

Hellenistisch

A

The term given to the art and culture of the roughly three centuries between the dath of Alexander the Great in 323BC and the death of queen cleopatra in 30BC, when Egypt became a roman province

147
Q

Henge

A

A arrangement if megalithic stones in a circle, often surrounded by a ditch

148
Q

Heberno-saksisch

A

An art style that flourished in the monasteries of the British isles in the early Middle Ages

149
Q

Hierarchie in schaal

A

An artistic convention in which greater size indicates greater importance

150
Q

Hijra

A

The flight of Muhammad from Mecca to medina in 622,the year from which Islam dates its beginnings

151
Q

Himation

A

An Ancient Greek woolen mantle worn by men and women over the chiton and draped in various ways

152
Q

Gehistorieerd

A

Ornamented with representations that have a narrative, as distinct from a purely decorative or a representational function

153
Q

Tint

A

The name of a color

154
Q

Humanisme

A

In the renaissance, an emphasis on education and on expanding knowledge (especially of classical antiquity) the exploration of individual potential and a desire to excel, and a commitment civic responsibility and moral duty

155
Q

Hydria

A

An Ancient Greek three handled water pitcher

156
Q

Hypostyle zaal

A

A hall with a roof supported by columns

157
Q

Icoon

A

A portrait of image;especially in Byzantine churches, a panel with a painting of sacred personages that are objects of veneration. In the visual arts,a painting, apiece of sculpture, or even a building regarded as an object of veneration

158
Q

Iconoclasme

A

The destruction of images.in Byzantium, the period from 726 to 843 when there was an imperial ban on images. The destroyers of images were known as iconoclasts

159
Q

Verlucht handschrift/manuscript

A

A luxurious handmade book with painted illustrations and decorations

160
Q

Imagines

A

Latin,imagines, in Ancient Rome, wax portraits of ancestors

161
Q

Imam

A

In Islam, the leader of collective worship

162
Q

Imperator

A

Latin, commander in chief, from which the word emperor derived

163
Q

Impulvium

A

In a roman house, the basin located in the atrium that collected rainwater

164
Q

In antis

A

In Ancient Greek architecture, between the antae

165
Q

Incisie(decoratie)

A

To cut into a surface with a sharp instrument;also a method of decoration, especially on metal and pottery

166
Q

Incrustatie

A

Wall decoration consisting of bright panels of different colors

167
Q

Incubus

A

A Demond believe in medievalvtimesmto prey,often sexually, on sleeping women

168
Q

Aflaat

A

A pardon of a sin committed

169
Q

Genie

A

Italian,innate talent, one of the several terms used in Italian renaissance literature to praise the originality and talent of the artist

170
Q

Installatie

A

An artwork that creates an artistic environment in a room or gallery

171
Q

Internationale gotiek

A

The style of 14th and 15th century painting begun by Simone martini, who adapted the French gothic manner to Sienese set fused with influences from the north. The style appealed to the aristocracy because or it’s brilliant color, lavish costume, intricate ornament, and themes involving splendid processions of knights and ladies.valeova style of the 20th century architecture associated with le Cobusier, whose elegance of design came to influence the look of modern office buildings and skyscrapers

172
Q

Intonaco

A

In fresco painting, the last layer of smooth lime plaster applied to the wall;the painted layer

173
Q

Inventie

A

The Italian, invention. One of the several terms used in the Italian renaissance literature to praise the originality and talent of artists

174
Q

Investment

A

In hollow casting, the final clay mold applied to the exterior of the wax model

175
Q

Ionisch

A

One of the two systems or orders invented in Ancient Greece for articulating the three ynits of the elevation of a classical building:the platform, the colonnade and the superstructure (entablature). The ionic order is characterized by, among other features, volutes, capitals,columns with bases and an interrupted frieze

176
Q

Iwan

A

In Islamic architecture, the vaulted rectangular recess upending onto a courtyard

177
Q

Portaalwagen

A

In architecture, the side posts of a doorway

178
Q

Ka

A

In ancient Egypt, the immortal human life force

179
Q

Kaaba

A

Arabic, cube, a small cubical building in Mecca, the Islamic worlds symbolic center

180
Q

Kalos

A

Greek,beautiful

181
Q

Koran

A

Islam’s sacred book, composed of surah(chapters)divided into verses

182
Q

Kore(korai)

A

Greek,young woman, an archaic greek statue of a young woman

183
Q

Kouros(kouroi)

A

Greek,young man, an archaic greek statue of a young man

184
Q

Krater

A

An ancient wide mouthed bowl for mixing wine and water

185
Q

Koefi

A

An early Arabic script, characterized by angularity with the uprights forming almost right angels with the baseline

186
Q

Lamassu

A

Assyrian guardian in the form of man headed winged bull

187
Q

Spitsboogvenster

A

In gothic architecture,a tall narrow window ending in a pointed arch

188
Q

Verloding

A

In the manufacture of stained glass windows, the joining or colored glass pieces using lead cames

189
Q

Lekythos

A

A flask containing perfumed oil;lekythoi were often placed in greek graves as offerings to the deceased

190
Q

Lineair perspectief

A

See perspective

191
Q

Latei

A

A horizontal beam used to span an opening

192
Q

Lithograaf/lithografie

A

A printmaking technique in which the artist uses an oil bases crayon to draw directly on a stone plate and then wipes water onto the stone. When ink is rolled onto the plate, it adheres only the drawing

193
Q

Liturgie

A

The official ritual of public worship

194
Q

Lokale kleur

A

An objects actual color in white light

195
Q

Loggia

A

A gallery with an open arcade or colonnade on one of both sides

196
Q

Cire perdue

A

A bronze casting method in which a figure is modeled in wax and coverd with clay;the whole is fired, melting away the wax and hardening the clay, which then becomes a mold for molten metal

197
Q

Lunettes

A

A semicircular area (with the flat side down) in a wall over a door, niche, or window; also a painting or relief

198
Q

Lux nova

A

Latin, new light, a term for the light that enters a gothic church through stained glass windows

199
Q

Madrasa

A

An Islamic theological college adjoining and often incorporating a mosque

200
Q

De drie koningen/wijzen

A

The three wise men from the east who presented gifts to the infant Jesus

201
Q

Mandorla

A

An almond shaped nimbus surrounding the figure of Christ or other sacred figure.

202
Q

Maniera

A

Italian, style or manner

203
Q

Maniera greca

A

Italian, greek manner, the Italy Byzantine painting style of the 13th century

204
Q

Manierisme

A

A style of the later renaissance art tht emphasized “artifice”, often involving contrived imagery not derived directly from nature. Such artworks showed a self conscious stylization involving complexity, caprice, fantasy and polish. Mannerist architecture tended to flout the classical rules of order,stability,and symmetry, sometimes to a point of parody

205
Q

Maqsura

A

In some mosques, a screened area in front of the mihrab reserved for a ruler

206
Q

Martelaar

A

A person who chooses to die rather than deny his or her religious belief

207
Q

Martyrium

A

A shrine for a Christian martyr saint

208
Q

Mis

A

The catholic and orthodox ritual in which believers understand that christs redeeming sacrifice on the cross is repeated when the priest consecrates the bread and wine in the Eucharist

209
Q

Mastaba

A

Arabic, bench. An ancient Egyptian rectangular brick or stone structure with sloping sides erected over a subterranean tomb chamber connected with the outside by a shaft

210
Q

Schilderstok

A

A stick used to steady the hand while painting

211
Q

Mausoleum

A

A monumental tomb. The name derives from the mid fourth century bce tomb of Mausolos at Halikarnassos, one of the seven wonders of the ancient world

212
Q

Meander

A

An ornament, usually in bands but also covering broad surfaces, consisting of interlocking geometric motifs. The ornamental pattern of continous straight lines joined usually at right angels

213
Q

Megaliet

A

Greek, great stone. A large roughly hewn stone used in construction of monumental prehistoric structures

214
Q

Memento mori

A

Latin, reminder of death, in painting, a reminder

215
Q

Mesolithisch

A

The middle Stone Age, between the Paleolithic and the Neolithic changes

216
Q

Messias

A

The savior of the Jews prophesied in the Old Testament. The Christians believe that Jesus of Nazareth was the messiah

217
Q

Metoop

A

The panel between the triglyphs in the Doric frieze, often sculpted in relief

218
Q

Mihrab

A

A semicircular niche set into the qibla wall of a mosque

219
Q

Minaret

A

A distinctive feature of mosque architecture, a tower from which the faithful are called to worship

220
Q

Minbar

A

In a mosque, the pulpit in which the imam stands

221
Q

Minoisch

A

The second millennium BC of art in Crete, named after the legendary king Minos

222
Q

Klooster

A

A group of buildings in which monks live together, set apart from the secular community of a town

223
Q

Monochroom

A

One color

224
Q

Monoliet

A

A column shaft that is all in one piece, a large single block or a piece of stone used in megalithic structures

225
Q

Bible moralisee

A

A heavy illustrated bible, each page pairing paintings of the old and New Testament ephisode a with explanations of their moral significance

226
Q

Dodentemple

A

In Egyptian architecture, a temple erected or the worship of a deceased pharaoh

227
Q

Mozaiek

A

Mosaic patterns or pictures made by e bedding small pieces (tesserae) of stone or glass in cement on surfaces such as walls and floors; also, the technique in making such works

228
Q

Tegelmozaiek

A

An Islamic decorative technique in which large ceramic panels are fired, cut into smaller pieces, and set in plaster

229
Q

Muhaqqaq

A

A cursive style of Islamic calligraphy

230
Q

Glas/raamroede,venstersijl

A

A vertical member that divides a window or that separates one window from another

231
Q

Mummificeren

A

A technique used by ancient Egyptians to preserve the human bodies so that they may serve as the eternal home

232
Q

Muqarnas

A

Stucco decorations of Islamic buildings in which stalactite like forms bream a structures solidity

233
Q

Muurschildering

A

Wallpainting

234
Q

Mysteriespel

A

A dramatic enacment of the holy mysteries of the Christian faith performed at church portals and in city squares

235
Q

Narthex

A

A porch of vestibule of a church, generally colonnaded or arcades and preceding the nave

236
Q

Natatio

A

The swimming pool in a Roman bathing establishment

237
Q

Naturalisme

A

The style painted or sculpted representation based on close observation of the natural world that was at the core of classical tradition

238
Q

Schip

A

The central area of an ancient roman basilica or of a church, demarcated from aisles by piers or columns

239
Q

Nemes

A

In ancient Egypt, the linen headdress worn by the pharaoh, with the Uranus cobra of kingship on the front

240
Q

Neolithisch

A

The New Stone Age

241
Q

Nimbus

A

A halo or aureole appearing around the head of a holy figure to signify divinity

242
Q

Oculus

A

Latin, eye. The round central opening of a dome. Also a small round window in a gothic Cathedral

243
Q

Odalisque

A

A woman in Turkish harem

244
Q

Spitsboogvormig

A

Pointed arch. Hallmark if gothic architecture

245
Q

Opisthodomos

A

In Ancient Greek architecture,a lurch at the rear of a temp,e, set against the blank back wall of the cella

246
Q

Optische menging

A

The visual effect of juxtaposed complementary colors

247
Q

Opos modernum

A

Latin, modern work. The late medieval term for gothic art and architecture

248
Q

Orante

A

In early Christian art, a figure with both arms raised in the ancient gesture of prayer

249
Q

Kloosterkerk

A

The church of a Christian Monastery

250
Q

Orchestra

A

Greek,”dancing place”. In ancient greek theaters, the circular piece of earth with a hard and level surface on which the performance took place

251
Q

Orde

A

in classical architecture, a style represented by a characteristic design of the columns and entablature

252
Q

Ottoons

A

Pertaining to the empire of Otto I and his successors

253
Q

Palaestra

A

An ancient Greek and Roman exercise area, sually framed by a colonnade. In greece, the palaestra was an independent building; in Rome, palaestras were also frequently incorporated into a bathing complex

254
Q

Palet

A

A thin board with a thumb hole at one end on which an artist lays and mixes colors; any surface so used. Also, the colors or kinds of colors characteristically used by an artist. In ancient Egypt, a slate slab used for preparing makeup

255
Q

Paletmes

A

A flat tool used to scrape paint off the palette. Artists sometimes also used the palette knife in place of a brush to apply paint directly to the canvas

256
Q

Pantokrator

A

Greek,”ruler of all”. Christ as ruler and judge of of heaven and earth

257
Q

Borstwering

A

A low, protective wall along the edge of a balcony, roof, or basin

258
Q

perkament

A

Animal skin prepared as a surface for painting or writing

259
Q

Parthenos

A

Greek,”virgin”. The epithet of the goddess Athena

260
Q

Pateen

A

A large shallow bowl or plate for the bread used in the Eucharist

261
Q

Patriarch

A

A Byzantine archbishop

262
Q

Patricier

A

A Roman freeborn landowner

263
Q

Kiezelmozaiek

A

A mosaic made of irregularly shaped stones of various colors

264
Q

Fronton

A

In classical architecture, the triangular space (gable) at the end of a building, formed by the ends of the sloping roof above the colonnade; also, an ornamental feature having this shape

265
Q

Druiper

A

The large handing terminal element of a Gothic fan vault

266
Q

Pendentief

A

A concave, triangular section of a hemisphere, four of which provide the transition from a square area to the circular base of a covering dome. Although pendentives appear to be handing (pendant) from the dome, they in fact support it

267
Q

Peplos

A

A simple long woolen belted garment worn by ancient Greek women

268
Q

Peristilium

A

In ancient greek architecture, a colonnade al around the cella and its porches. A peripteral colonnade consists of a single row of columns on all sides; a dipteral colonnade has a double row all around. In Roman architecture, the colonnaded garden of a domus.

269
Q

Perpendicular

A

A late English Gothic style of architecture distinguished by the pronounced verticality of its decorative details

270
Q

Perspectief

A

A method of presenting an illusion of three dimensional world on a two dimensional surface

271
Q

Farao

A

An ancient Egyptian king

272
Q

Filosoof

A

French,”thinker”. The term applied to French intellectuals of the enlightenment

273
Q

Pijler

A

A vertical, freestanding masonry support

274
Q

Pinakel

A

In Gothic churches, a sharply pointed ornament capping the piers or flying buttresses, also used on church facades

275
Q

Poesia

A

A term describing “poetic art”, notably Venetian Renaissance paintings, which emphasizes the lyrical and sensual

276
Q

Spitsboog

A

A narrow arch of pointed profile, in contrast to a semicircular arch

277
Q

Portiek

A

A roofed colonnade; also an entrance porch

278
Q

Princeps

A

Latin,”first citizen”. The official title of the ancient Roman emperors

279
Q

Pronaos

A

The space, or porch, in front of the cella and not on the sides or back

280
Q

Proscenium

A

The part of a theatrical stage in front of the cutrain

281
Q

Prostylos

A

A classical temple plan in which columns are only in front of the cella and not on the sides and back

282
Q

Preekstoel

A

A raised platform in a church on which a priest stand while leading the religious service

283
Q

Stemplewerk/ponsoenen

A

Tool decorative work in gold leaf

284
Q

pyloon

A

The wide entrance gateway of an Egyptian temple, characterized by it’s sloping walls

285
Q

Pyloon temple

A

the type of Egyptian temple, characteristic of the New Kingdom, entered through a monumental plan

286
Q

Qibla

A

The diection (towards mecca) Muslims face when praying

287
Q

Gedrukte boog

A

An arch whose curve extends for one quarter of a circle’s circumference

288
Q

Quadro Riportato

A

A ceiling design in which painted scenes are arranged in panels that resemble framed pictures transferred to the surface of a shallow, curved vault

289
Q

Straalkapellen

A

In medieval churches, chapels for the display of relics that opened directly onto the ambulatory and the transept

290
Q

Oplopende kroonlijst

A

The cornice on the sloping sides of a pediment

291
Q

rayonnant

A

The “radient” style of Gothic architecture, dominant in the second half of the 13th century and associated with the French royal court

292
Q

Rood-figurige schilderkunst

A

In later Greek pottery, the silhouetting of red figures against a black background, with painted linear details; the reverse of black-figure painting

293
Q

Refter

A

the dining hall of a Christian monastery

294
Q

Zone/laag

A

one of a series of superimposed bands or friezes in a pictorial narrative, or the particular levels on which motifs are placed

295
Q

ontlastingsdriehoek

A

In Mycenaean architecture, the triangular opening above the lintel that serves to lighten the weight to be carried by the lintel itself

296
Q

Reliekhouder

A

A container for keeping relics

297
Q

Ribgewelf

A

A vault in which the diagonal and transverse ribs compose a structural skeleton that partially supports the masonry web between them

298
Q

Nokbalk

A

The beam running the length of a building below the peak of the gabled roof

299
Q

Romaans

A

“roman-like” a term used to describe the histroy, culture and art of medieval western Europe from ca.1050 to 1200

300
Q

Roosvenster

A

A circular stained-glass window

301
Q

Rotulus

A

the manuscript scroll used by Egyptians, Greeks, Etruscans, and Romans; Predecessor of the codex

302
Q

Sacra conversazione

A

Italian,”holy vonversation”; a style of altarpiece painting popular after the middle of the 15th century, in which saints from different epochs are joined in a unified space and seem to be conversing either with eachother or the audience

303
Q

Scholastiek

A

The Gothic school of philosophy in which scholars applied Aristotle’s system of rational inquiry to the interpretation of religious belief

304
Q

Tweede stijl

A

The style of Roman mural painting in which the aim was to dissolve the confining walls of a room and replace them with the illusion of a three-dimensional work constructed in the artists’ imagination

305
Q

Senaat

A

Lantin,”council of leaders” the legislative body of Roman constitutional government

306
Q

Serdab

A

A small concealed chamber in an Egyptian mastaba for the statue of the deceased

From Flashcardlet (13 decks)

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