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Enhanced PNB > Tissues > Flashcards

Tissues Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the cellularity of epithelial tissue

A

composed almost entirely of cells; little extracellular matrix; cells are connected by intercellular junctions

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2
Q

Describe the polarity of epithelial tissue

A

defined apical (top) and basal (bottom) surface

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3
Q

Describe the attachment of epithelial tissue

A

attach to basement membrane

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4
Q

What is basement membrane?

A

An acellular surface produced by epithelial and connective cells

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5
Q

What are the two layers of basement membranes in epithelial tissues?

A

basal lamina and reticular lamina

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6
Q

Is epithelial tissue vascular or avascular?

A

avascular

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7
Q

What are important functions of epithelial tissue?

A

physical protection, selective permeability, movement/clearing, secretion, sensating

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8
Q

What does the basal lamina secrete?

A

collagen, laminin, proteoglycans

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9
Q

What does the reticular lamina secrete?

A

reticular fibers, fibronectin, glycoproteins

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10
Q

tell me as much as you can about epithelial cell structure

A

refer to notes bestie

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11
Q

Describe this function of epithelial tissue: Physical protection

A

protection from dehydration, abrasion, and physical, chemical, or biological agents

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12
Q

Describe this function of epithelial tissue: Selective permeability

A

regulates the passage of certain molecules in or out of a certain region of the body; exchange: passive and transport: active or facilitated (ex. the lungs)

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13
Q

Describe this function of epithelial tissue: movement/”clearing”

A

pushing of fluid or other material along a surface

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14
Q

Describe this function of epithelial tissue: Secretion

A

release of materials (ex. sweat, saliva)

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15
Q

Describe this function of epithelial tissue: Sensation

A

receptors connected to nerve endings that can detect light, chemicals, mechanical stimuli, cold/heat

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16
Q

Desmosomes

A

Hold cells together

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17
Q

What happens in exchange epithelia

A

leaky exchange epithelium allows movement through gaps between the cells (bulk filtration/ diffusion)

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18
Q

What happens in transport epithelia?

A

tight junctions in a transporting epithelium prevent movement betweem adjacent cells (substances must instead pass through the epithelial cell)

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19
Q

Clearing/moving epithelia are normally

A

ciliated; columnar
(microvilli- expand surface area)

20
Q

Examples of Sensory Epithelia

A

retina, cochlea

21
Q

How are Goblet cells an example of secretory epithelia?

A

secrete mucus into the lumen of hollow organs such as the intestine

22
Q

exocrine glands

A

secrete products through ducts; products enter “exterior”: intestinal lumen, skin surface

23
Q

endocrine glands

A

ductless; products enter body “interior”; direct secretion into bloodstream or interstitial fluid

24
Q

Merocrine

A

secretory products secreted by vesicular exocytosis (sweat, saliva)

25
Q

Apocrine

A

partial cellular breakdown; cytoplasm and vesicular contents secreted ( milk, under arm sweat)

26
Q

holocrine

A

entire cell lost with secretion; stem cells divide to replace lost cells (oil glands

27
Q

Where are you going to find intercellular junctions in epithelial tissue?

A

near their apical surface
(this makes sense because they are the gatekeepers
molecules have to go from apical to basal)

28
Q

In the ZO protein tight junction what binds to ZO1

A

occludin

29
Q

In the ZO protein tight junction what binds to ZO2

A

claudin

30
Q

In the ZO protein tight junction what binds to ZO3

A

JAM

31
Q

What are adhering junctions made from

A

actin

32
Q

adhering junctions are actin filament-based systems also known as…

A

zonula adherens

33
Q

Where are you likely to find adhering junctions?

A

basal layer

34
Q

microfilaments are made out of

A

actin

35
Q

Intermediate Filaments are made out of

A

Keratin and laminin

36
Q

Microtubules are made from

A

tubulin

37
Q

3 major types of cytoskeletal elements

A

microtubules, microfilaments, intermediate filaments

38
Q

intracellular proteins provide

A

structure and framework

39
Q

E-Cadherin

A

helps cells stick together (extracellular)

40
Q

Button desmosomes

A

tie cells together; flexible

41
Q

hemidesmosomes

A

tie cell to basal lamina

42
Q

Gap Junctions

A

allow transport between two cells without going through extracellular fluid; rapid communication between cells

43
Q

Gap junctions are made from how many sub-units

A

6

44
Q

the 6 subunits of a gap junction form a

A

hemichannel

45
Q

each hemichannel is called a

A

connexon

46
Q

each connexon is a

A

hexamer

47
Q

2 hemichannels make

A

1 gap junction

Enhanced PNB (22 decks)

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