Skeletal System

Question 1

What are the components of the skeletal system

Answer 1

bones, cartilage, ligaments, other supportive connective tissues

Question 2

Major functional roles

Answer 2

support and protection, connections, calcium and phosphate homeostasis/storage; blood cell production

Question 3

What are the specialized cells in bone?

Answer 3

osteoblast, osteoclast, osteocyte

Question 4

Osteoblast

Answer 4

bone matrix deposition; form new bones

Question 5

osteoclast

Answer 5

breaks down bone

Question 6

osteocytes

Answer 6

bone matrix maintenance

Question 7

specific matrix proteins

Answer 7

collagen

Question 8

ground substance

Answer 8

hydroxyapatite
contains calcium, phosphate, hydroxide

Question 9

compact bone

Answer 9

dense, outer layers
external layers of both long and flat bones

Question 10

Cancellous Bone

Answer 10

open interior lattice; inside

Question 11

narrow plates of bones in cancellous bone

Answer 11

trabeculae

Question 12

osteon

Answer 12

a cylinder of hollow tubes of bone matrix, with a central canal carrying blood vessels and nerves

Question 13

An osteon is also called

Answer 13

Haversian canals

Question 14

Osteons run

Answer 14

parallel to long bone axis

Question 15

epiphysis

Answer 15

knobby region at each end; for strength and site of attachment

Question 16

metaphysis

Answer 16

region between epiphysis and diaphysis; site of growth plate

Question 17

Epiphyseal line

Answer 17

“growth plate”

Question 17

Medullary cavity

Answer 17

yellow marrow

Question 18

Diaphysis

Answer 18

elongated cylindrical shaft of bone

Question 19

endosteum

Answer 19

membrane of connective tissue covering internal bone surface

Question 20

Periosteum

Answer 20

membrane of tough, irregular, dense connective tissue covering the external bone surface

Question 21

articular cartilage

Answer 21

reduces friction