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Clin Phys > Head and Neck > Flashcards

Head and Neck Flashcards

1
Q

Normal vision

A

20/20

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2
Q

Decreased vision

A

20/>20

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3
Q

Legally blind

A

20/ 200+

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4
Q

Myopia

A

nearsighted (cant see far)

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5
Q

Presbyopia

A

farsighted (need readers; cant see up close)

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6
Q

How far should the visual field extend?

A

190 degrees

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7
Q

What is glaucoma?

A

increased pressure in the eye (>20 mmHg)–> decreased vision

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8
Q

What is normal IOP?

A

<20 mmHg

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9
Q

IOP intraocular pressure

A
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10
Q

How should pupils look?

A

equal in size and round

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11
Q

PERRLA

A

equally reactive to light and accommodation

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12
Q

EOMI

A

extraocular muscles intact

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13
Q

How should sclera look?

A

white and non-icteric

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14
Q

How should conjunctiva and cornea look?

A

clear

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15
Q

How should the eye balls look?

A

symmetrical, no exophthalmos, moist

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16
Q

What is exophthalmos?

A

bugging out of eyes; common in TED

17
Q

How should the lens of the eye look?

A

clear without opacities

18
Q

How should a retina (fundus) look?

A

No evidence of exudates, aneurysms, hemorrhages, edema, “cupping”, or “nicking”

19
Q

Are eye “floaters” normal?

A

yes

20
Q

Are fixed lesions of the eye normal?

A

no

21
Q

How should the eye lids present?

A

touching upper iris, no edema, qual coverage of eyeball

22
Q

How does a normal external ear look?

A

No mass, nodules, free of cerumen, dry, non-tender

23
Q

How does a normal tympanic membrane / ear drum look?

A

grayish, flat no exudates, perforations, or discharges

24
Q

What is conductive hearing?

A

airborne through external canal to tympanic membrane through skull bones by vibration

25
Q

What is treatment of conductive hearing?

A

surgical correction
noise cancelling hearing aide

26
Q

What is sensorineural hearing?

A

nerve transmission from organs of hearing to brain due to aging, loud noise exposure

27
Q

What is treatment of sensorineural hearing?

A

hearing aid

28
Q

Should you be able to palpitate the lymph nodes?

A

no

29
Q

What is primary hypothyroidism?

A

TSH: normal-high
T3: low
T4: low

30
Q

What is secondary hypothyroidism?

A

TSH: low
T3: low
T4: low

31
Q

What is primary hyperthyroidism?

A

TSH: low
T3: high
T4: high

32
Q

What is secondary hyperthyroidism?

A

TSH: high
T3: high
T4: high

33
Q

What is an indication of hypo/ hyper thyroidism?

A

goiter

Clin Phys (15 decks)

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