The Aircraft

Question 1

Certificate of registration

Answer 1

CA Act 1990, CAR part 47 and AC47.
Owner = any person lawfully entitled to the possession of the aircraft for 28 days or longer.
May be operated by person lawfully entitled to the possession for 28 days after certificate expiration.

Question 2

Aircraft markings

Answer 2

Part 47 details requirements for NZ aircraft registration markings.

Question 3

Type certificate and type acceptance certificate

Answer 3

Reference Part 21.31 onwards.
When aircraft has been designed, built, tested and approved it is issued with a type certificate in country of origin. Aircraft with foreign type certificate may be granted New Zealand type certificate.

Question 4

Airworthiness certificate

Answer 4

Document issued for an aircraft when the director is satisfied that the certification requirements for particular categories are met.

Question 5

Standard Category airworthiness certificate

Answer 5

This category allows most aircraft operations under various CA rules. Aircraft used for Air operations (ATO, CTO) must be in the standard category.

Question 6

Restricted Category Airworthiness Certificate

Answer 6

Category applies to aircraft which are not to be used for air transport operations but may be applied to aircraft used for CTO provided flight manual allows such operation. May be applied to agricultural role when certain load limitations may be exceeded.

Question 7

Special category airworthiness certificate

Answer 7

This category is used for aircraft that do not comply with standard or restricted category requirements. Each subcategory is associated with requirements.
Special experimental, special exhibition, special amateur built, special primary, special LSA.

Question 8

Special category flight tests and placards

Answer 8

Flight tests required after maintenance are not considered flight tests requiring a special flight permit but are categorised as operational flight checks.

Every special category aircraft much be clearly placarded with a statement that aircraft is special category.

Question 9

Provisional category

Answer 9

May be used for example for an aircraft for which type certificate has been applied.

Question 10

The Flight permit

Answer 10

May be issued by CAA for microlight aircraft provided that aircraft meets requirements acceptable to the director as stipulated in CAR part 103. Only applies 2 seat microlight, single seat do not require flight permit. Flight permit is different to special category airworthiness certificate.

Question 11

Aircraft maintenance

Answer 11

Reference CAR part 91.603 onwards.

Question 12

Maintenance requirements for air operations

Answer 12

Part 135 subpart G and part 125 subpart G list maintenance requirements and serviceability of instruments and equipment with respect to aircraft engaged in air operations (CTO and ATO)

Question 13

Technical log

Answer 13

Any defects that are identified by the crew during inspections or during flight must be recorded in technical log by PIC.

Signing technical log is not restricted to maintenance engineers. Pilots approved for pilot maintenance must complete technical log after each event.

Question 14

Release to service

Answer 14

Reference Part 43.101
Signed statement by aircraft maintenance engineer certifying that required maintenance has been carried out, or that defects have been rectified or deterred and the aircraft is safe for flight.

Question 15

Operation after maintenance

Answer 15

An aircraft which has undergone maintenance must not be flown unless it has been certified for release to service by authorised person and the appropriate maintenance record entries have been made.

Question 16

Operational flight check

Answer 16

In cases where the maintenance may have affected the aircrafts flight characteristics, an operational flight check must be carried out.

By pilot who is valid licence and rated on aircraft.
No other people (other than essential crew).
Flight characteristics must not have been appreciably changed by maintenance.
Any defects found during check must be recorded in tech log.

Question 17

Daily flight record

Answer 17

DFR must be completed for any aircraft operation.
Contains details such as date, name of operator, name of PIC, aircraft registration, name of aerodrome of departure, date, takeoff time, purpose of flight, total flight time.

Question 18

Documents to be carried.

Answer 18

Current airworthiness certificate.
Flight manual.
Weight and balance data, radio station approval levels.
Technical log applicable to aircraft.

Question 19

Air operation additional documentation

Answer 19

Cockpit check list covering normal, non normal and emergency procedures
Details of operational flight plan.
NOTAM, aeronautical information service briefing documentation and meteorological information appropriate to the operation.
Notification of dangerous goods if applicable.
Copies of relevant charts and plates

Question 20

Air operations requirements

Answer 20

Shoulder harness or diagonal shoulder belt for each crew seat.
A landing light and light in each passenger compartment for night flight.
Items such as public address systems, cockpit voice recorders and others which can be read in part 135.357.

Question 21

Night VFR instruments and equipment

Answer 21

Means of indicating rate of turn and slip.
Position lights, anti collision light system.
Illumination for each required instrument or indicator.
Torch for each crew member.

Question 22

VFR water radio

Answer 22

VFR operation over water at distance 30 minutes from shore or greater are required to be equipped with radio capable of maintaining continuous two way communication.

Question 23

Air operation radio requirements

Answer 23

Must be fitted with sufficient radios such that failure of one does not prevent continued communication for the route being flown.

Question 24

Inoperative instruments

Answer 24

Part 91 aircraft under 5700kg which do not have minimum equipment list (MEL) may operate with inoperative instruments or equipment that are not part of VFR day certification instruments, required for specific operations, required by an airworthiness directive to be operable.

Part 135 requires that an aircraft without MEL all instruments and equipment must be in operable condition. Aircraft with MEL and operating with permissible inoperative instruments must be released to service

Question 25

Air operator certificate emergency equipment

Answer 25

Must ensure regardless of number of seats mentioned, an axe first aid kid and fire extinguisher must be carried and clearly identified in the aircraft. Emergency equipment must be carried in any aircraft when on air operations.