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Art Appreciation > (M) L3: Art History (Prehistoric and Classical) > Flashcards

(M) L3: Art History (Prehistoric and Classical) Flashcards

1
Q

T or F: Art history shows the extrinsic value of art as a form of language per generation that has passed

A

False (INTRINSIC)

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2
Q

T or F: Art history tackles how humanity from the past up until now has clearly stipulated wanting to live an indifferent life

A

False (better life)

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3
Q

T or F: Artists have served mankind for its entire existence

A

True

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4
Q

This refers to all artworks produced by ancient men before any preconceived culture and known methods of writing and record keeping ever existed

A

Prehistoric Art

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5
Q

This refers to “art before history”

A

Prehistoric Art

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6
Q

Cave Paintings are also known as?

A

Petrographs

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7
Q

This refers to any parietal art which applies color pigments on walls, floors, or ceilings of ancient rock dwellings inhabited by prehistoric man

A

Cave Paintings or Petrographs

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8
Q

These are cave paintings with only 1 color

A

Monochrome (e.g. black)

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9
Q

An example of a monochrome cave painting was found where?

A

Chauvet cave in France

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10
Q

These are cave paintings having 2 or more colors

A

Polychrome

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11
Q

An example of a polychrome cave painting was found where?

A

Altamira cave in Spain

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12
Q

The polychrome painting found in Altamira cave (Spain) was that of an image of what animal?

A

Bison

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13
Q

Cave drawings are also known as?

A

Petroglyphs

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14
Q

These refer to engraved drawings that are etched or done by cutting lines on rock surfaces by a sharp object (e.g. flint or stone tools)

A

Cave Drawings/Petroglyphs

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15
Q

T or F: Petroglyphs also refer to drawing lines using charcoal or manganese

A

False

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16
Q

T or F: Most prehistoric cave paintings were figurative

A

True

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17
Q

T or F: Almost 90% of cave paintings were done in the figures of primitive man

A

False (animals)

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18
Q

Artists from which age painted both predator and game animals?

A

Stone Age

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19
Q

What are some examples of game animals that dominated the imagery among cave paintings?

A

Bison and reindeer

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20
Q

T or F: Pictures of humans were rarely shown in cave paintings as they were usually highly stylized and far less naturalistic than animal figures

A

True

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21
Q

T or F: Abstract images such as signs, symbols, and geometric markings weren’t as common in cave paintings

A

False (they were)

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22
Q

This comprised the oldest type of Paleolithic Art found in caves of the late stone age

A

Abstract images

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23
Q

Which cave paintings were dated and revealed to have been one of the oldest types of Paleolithic art found during the late stone age?

A

Paintings found in the El Castillo and Altamira caves

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24
Q

T or F: There is clear evidence of when cave paintings first began

A

False (none)

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25
Q

How many caves scattered across Spain were revealed to have contained cave paintings older than 65,000 years old?

A

3

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26
Q

Which cave in Spain did researchers find perforated seashell beads and pigments at least 115,000 years old?

A

Cueva de los Aviones (southeastern Spain)

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27
Q

This period was the time when primitive artworks were created with the use of primitive stone tools

A

Paleolithic Period

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28
Q

The Paleolithic Period was commonly represented by naturalistic images of what?

A

Prey animals that the men use to hunt

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29
Q

T or F: Prehistoric caves were heavily decorated with painted hand-stenciled rock art

A

True

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30
Q

This period began when man developed culture and lifestyle changes, it also describes the transition from Old Stone Age to Paleolithic and so on

A

Neolithic Period

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31
Q

T or F: Paleolithic art reflected the great shift in living conditions

A

False (Neolithic)

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32
Q

T or F: The Neolithic Period began to embrace geometrically abstract art of farmers who started civilization

A

True

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33
Q

Man became civilized when he stopped being what?

A

Nomadic (they settled down and created communities that grew crops and raised animals)

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33
Q

Clay pot designs during the Neolithic Period were commonly derived from what?

A

Plant and animals forms

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33
Q

T or F: The Philippines being a colony only of Spain saw the destruction of ancient customs because of the strong influence of conquering nations

A

False (Japan and the US also colonized us)

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34
Q

T or F: Philippine primitive art refers to artworks that were made after the arrival of the conquerors

A

False (before)

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35
Q

Where is the Angono Petroglyphs Site Museum located?

A

Binangonan, Rizal

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36
Q

Who accidentally discovered the Angono Petroglyphs Site Museum during their field trip with a troop of boy scouts in 1965

A

Carlos “Botong” Francisco

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37
Q

Carlos “Botong” Francisco notified which establishment after his discovery of the Angono Petroglyphs?

A

National Museum

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38
Q

The National Museum conducted an interdisciplinary research on the Angono Petroglyphs headed by?

A

Archaeologist Alfredo Evangelista

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39
Q

How many stone tools did Archaeologist Alfredo Evangelista recover from the site?

A

4

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40
Q

What year did the National Museum establish the Angono Petroglyphs Site Museum?

A

1998

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41
Q

The Angono petroglyphs were dated back to what period?

A

Late Neolithic Period

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42
Q

What Presidential Decree declared the Angono Petroglyphs a national cultural treasure?

A

PD No. 260

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43
Q

Another petroglyph site in the Philippines carved on boulders on top of cliffs, dated back not earlier than 1500 BC, was found where?

A

Alab, Mountain Province

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44
Q

Where were the charcoal drawings on cave walls found in the Philippines?

Hint: 2 locations

A

Peñablanca, Cagayan Province
Singapan Caves, Southern Palawan

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45
Q

Where were the red hematite prints found in the Philippines?

A

Anda Peninsual, Bohol

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46
Q

Where was the 2nd burial jar found in the Philippines?

A

Manunggul Cave, Lipuun Point, Palawan (1960)

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47
Q

This is considered one of the Philippines’ national cultural treasures perceived as a work of a great craftsman, a master potter

A

Burial jars

48
Q

The image on top of the jar cover (a boat with 2 humans) symbolizes what?

A

Their voyage to the afterlife (shows that Filipinos believed in life after death)

49
Q

The Burial Jars were dated back to what period?

A

Late Neolithic Period (890 - 710 BC)

50
Q

Where were the earthenware pots found which resembled human figures and were used as secondary burial jars?

A

Ayub Cave in Pinol, Maitum, Saranggani Province

51
Q

The earthenware pots of Ayub Cave were dated back to what period?

A

Metal Age (5 BC - 225 AD)

52
Q

Refers to the art form from Greece and Rome

A

Classical Art

53
Q

This favors the classical arts, classical antiquity (ancient times) in the Western tradition, as standard for taste, which classicists want to imitate

A

Classicism

54
Q

Describes the long period of time in cultural history when the Mediterranean Sea was the center

A

Classical Period

55
Q

The classical period started with the earliest record of Greek poetry by who?

A

Homer

56
Q

T or F: The classical period encapsulates the rise of Rome and Christianity

A

True

57
Q

T or F: The classical period encapsulates the start of the Western Roman Empire

A

False (the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the start of the Early Middle Ages)

58
Q

The art that is held as the standard or measure by which all art will be judged

A

Art of the Ancient Greeks

59
Q

T or F: Roman art has shaped our minds into what perfection looks like

A

False (Greek)

60
Q

T or F: Classical Greek art was an original concept

A

False (it is a product of previous influences)

61
Q

Stone figures prior to the Greek arts were commonly called as?

A

Kouroi

62
Q

Whose influence did rigid statures of human anatomy come from?

A

Egyptians

63
Q

T or F: The reason why ceramic sculptures developed during the Greek period is because only a few large paintings could endure this era

A

True

64
Q

This refers to when ancient Greece achieved new heights in art, architecture, theater, and philosophy

A

Greek’s Golden Age or the Classical Period of Ancient Greece

65
Q

Democracy in Athens was improved under the leadership of who?

A

Pericles

66
Q

The Classical Period began after the Greeks won over which race?

A

Persians

67
Q

This temple was rebuilt as a symbol of devotion to Athena on the Acropolis, it is also one of the most wonderful accomplishments Athens has ever done

A

Parthenon

68
Q

Pericles planned the rebuilding of Parthenon with his friend named?

A

Pheidias

69
Q

He created a new statue of Athena with ivory and gold on the Acropolis

A

Pheidias

70
Q

This famous mathematician lived during the Greek Arts period

A

Pythagoras

71
Q

He is known as the Father of Philosophy

A

Socrates

72
Q

The 2 greatest known works of the Classical Period

A

Massive Statue of Zeus at Olympia and the Statue of Athena Parthenos in Parthenon

73
Q

The Massive Statue of Zeus at Olympia and the Statue of Athena Parthenos in Parthenon were both made of?

A

Chryselephantine (gold, ivory, chrysus, and elephantine)

74
Q

T or F: Pheidias also made the Massive Statue of Zeus

A

True

75
Q

T or F: Roman Art influenced the Greek Art

A

False (reverse)

76
Q

These artworks were both an inspiration for the Renaissance

A

Greek and Roman Art

77
Q

T or F: The Greeks were described to be idealistic and imaginative

A

True

78
Q

T or F: The Romans were described to be bounded to what they saw in the world

A

True

79
Q

This is when Greece reached its height during 457 BC to 430 BC when great temples were built in Athens and Olympia

A

The Golden Age of Athens

80
Q

This type of art copied life realistically, especially in the form of sculpture and literature

A

Hellenistic Arts

81
Q

T or F: Almost all Greek paintings survived the ages until the 20th century

A

False (almost no paintings survived)

82
Q

T or F: The art forms that survived up to the 20th century were mainly vases made during the Archaic Age (750 - 500 BC)

A

True

83
Q

T or F: Ancient vases did not survive up until the Golden Age of Greece (457 - 430 BC)

A

True

84
Q

The Greeks adorned their warships with what?

A

Pigments made with hot wax (the Romans copied this technique afterwards)

85
Q

Ancient Greek paintings had subjects that included a snake-haired lady named?

A

Medusa

86
Q

This technique, which was one of the great innovations of the Renaissance, was a rediscovery according to Boorstin

A

Linear Perspective

87
Q

Greek vase painters used this technique to illustrate depth

A

Foreshortening

88
Q

He wrote his book on perspective that states “given a center in definite space, the line should naturally correspond with due regard to the point of sight and divergence of visual rays”

A

Agatharchus of Samos

89
Q

He defined scenography as the “shading of the front and the retreating sides, and the correspondence of all lines to the vanishing point, which is the center of the a circle”

A

Viruvius (Roman Architect)

90
Q

T or F: The Romans were master sculptors

A

False (Greeks)

91
Q

T or F: Greeks were much more highly skilled than the Egyptians who came before and the Romans who came afterward

A

True

92
Q

T or F: The skill and sense of aesthetics on how the Greeks created their sculptures were unmatched until the Renaissance

A

True

93
Q

What were the favorite subjects of Greek Art?

A

Athletes

94
Q

For over a millennium, this was the most powerful nation on Earth, defeating all others at military organization and warfare, engineering, and architecture

A

Ancient Rome

95
Q

It was during the age of these 2 emperors that Rome reached the peak of its architectural glory, attained numerous buildings of monuments, baths, and aqueducts, palaces, temples, and mausoleums

A

Emperor Trajan and Emperor Hadrian

96
Q

This Italian architect was the designer of the dome of the Florence cathedral

A

Filippo Brunelleschi

97
Q

These 2 were the designers of St. Peter’s Basilica

A

Donato Bramante and Michelangelo

98
Q

It was during this time when Rome experiences its last great building programs, including the completion of the Baths of Diocletian, Basilica of Maxentius, and the Arch of Constantine

A

Time of Constantine

99
Q

T or F: Romans were practical people who wanted their art and architecture to be useful

A

True

100
Q

T or F: The art forms of Rome were influenced by Greeks only

A

False (also the Etruscans)

101
Q

T or F: The practical usage of art was a unique trait for the Romans

A

True

102
Q

These people were the most powerful in Italy during the late 600 BC, they came from Asia Minor and settled in Tuscany which was north of Rome

A

Etruscans

103
Q

T or F: The Etruscans imitated Roman Art

A

False (Greek)

104
Q

They developed life-like types of portrait sculptures and even introduced the first use of stone arches in architecture

A

Etruscans

105
Q

T or F: The Romans put into practical use what they have learned from the Etruscans

A

True

106
Q

T or F: Roman architecture was on a much larger scale compared to Greek architecture

A

True

107
Q

T or F: The Greeks built massive structures while Romans used post and lintel (beams supported by 2 columns)

A

False (reverse)

108
Q

T or F: Much more weight could be supported by posts and lintel than arches

A

False (reverse)

109
Q

How many piled arches were always done for Roman aqueducts?

A

3

110
Q

This material could be made into any shape for arches, vaults, or domes as this also allowed architects to build structures of great size

A

Concrete

111
Q

This ruler built the Temple of Fortune in Praeneste in 80 BC

A

Sulla

112
Q

This architecture by Sulla made use of concrete to support terraces and to build what was in effect, a skyscraper

A

Temple of Fortune in Praeneste

113
Q

T or F: The Greeks showed originality by portraying their emperors, generals, and senators with a degree of realism

A

False (Romans)

114
Q

Wall paintings that were reserved in rock tell us everything we knew about Roman paintings, it was during the eruption of which volcano that this was recognized?

A

Mt. Vesuvius (79 AD)

115
Q

In this city of Italy, painting was usually done as a form of decoration and was executed on the interior walls of houses in fresco (painting on wet plaster)

A

Pompeii

116
Q

T or F: Frescos in Pompeii were used to create the illusion of depth or a pastoral landscape with no window or view to make the room seem smaller

A

False (to make the room seem LARGER)

117
Q

The Romans achieved a high level of this technique in painting through the artists’ understanding of perspective and the use of light and shade

A

Naturalism

118
Q

T or F: The colors red, black, and cream-white were common in Roman paintings

A

True

Art Appreciation (24 decks)

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