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Psychology > RM L13: Self reports - > Flashcards

RM L13: Self reports - Flashcards

1
Q

What does is self reports?

Lesson 13

A
  • Method of research where ppts provide info abt themselves
  • Non experimental in design&raquo_space; they describe but do not point towards a cause
  • Gather data about ppts beliefs, opinion, view
  • Interview / questionnaire
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2
Q

What 4 things should we avoid when creating questionnaires?

Lesson 13

A
  1. Avoid answering 2 things in one question
  2. Having unclear questions
  3. Technical terms&raquo_space; unless the population understands them
  4. Emotive language&raquo_space; avoid using words that can cause offence to others
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3
Q

What is experimental design?

Lesson 13

A
  • Researchers who chose to use an experiment have to decide on an experimental ppt design
  • Refers to how they allocate ppts to varying conditions of their experiment
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4
Q

What is a likert scale question?

Lesson 13

A
  • Where ppts say if they
  • agree or disagree
  • rate their level (1 - 5) type question
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5
Q

What are rating scales?

Lesson 13

A
  • Questions / statements where ppts give answer in form of number
  • On scale of 1 - 10 rate how happy you are?
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6
Q

What are 2 strengths of questionnaires (paper + online) ?

Lesson 13

A
  1. Ppl believe paper questionnaires are more annonymous compared to online ones&raquo_space; more honest and valid reponses
  2. Large no. of questionnaires can be given out at the same time which means we get a large number of responses&raquo_space; increases generalisability
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7
Q

What are the 3 weaknesses of questionnaires (paper + online) ?

Lesson 13

A
  1. Printing and distributing of questionnaires is costly&raquo_space; especially if a large sampe (online can reduce cost)
  2. Process of collecting / logging all responses is long process
  3. Handwriting / typing skills of ppts can be difficult to understand&raquo_space; reduces validity
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8
Q

What are the 2 strengths of questionnaires (in general) ?

Lesson 13

A
  1. Ppts more likely to reveal truthful answers&raquo_space; does not involve talking face to face
  2. Large sample of ppts can answer in short time span&raquo_space; increase representativness + generalisability
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9
Q

What are the 2 weaknesses of questionnaires (in general) ?

Lesson 13

A
  1. Rather than giving truthful answers ppts may give socially desirable answers&raquo_space; lowers validity of findings
  2. If questionnaire has lots of closed questions ppts may be forced into choosing an answer that does not reflect their opinion
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10
Q

What is an interview?
What are the 3 types of interview?

Lesson 13

A
  • When answers are spoken aloud and may be recorded
  • Like a conversation
    1. Semi structured&raquo_space; has set questions each ppt asked same questions in same order
    2. Unstructured&raquo_space; Interviewer has theme, topic that will be discussed and may have a few initial questions then leads to each subsequent question being asked based on ppts answer
    3. Semi structured&raquo_space; involve certain questions that must be asked to ppt and interviewer can ask them in different order / ask questions for clarification
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11
Q

What are the 2 strengths of interviews

Lesson 13

A
  1. Interviews provide rich, in depth, qualitative data
  2. Provide data such as body language, tone of voice, emotions, eye contact
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12
Q

What are the 3 weaknesses of interviews?

Lesson 13

A
  1. Interviews are time consuming compared to questionnaires
  2. Interviewer bias when analysing large amounts of verbal data
  3. Ppts less likely to give truthful answers due to social desirability because they do not want to be judged
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13
Q

What is interview technique (telephone + face - face) ?

Lesson 13

A
  • Telephone interviews&raquo_space; over phone (normal convo)
  • Face to face&raquo_space; in person convo (can be online zoom)
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14
Q

What is 1 strength of telephone interviews?

Lesson 13

A
  1. Better response rate compared to face to face
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15
Q

What is 1 weakness of telephone interviews

Lesson 13

A
  1. Ppts less likely to report unhealthy behaviour on phone compared to face to face
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16
Q

What are the 2 strengths of face to face interviews?

Lesson 13

A
  1. Easier for respondants to clarify answers / ask for clarification&raquo_space; increases validity
  2. Reporting of socially undesirable behaviour is lower due to potential embarassment&raquo_space; fear of being judged

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