LESSON 5: : The Compound Microscope

Question 1

is a valuable tool in the
study of microorganisms.

Answer 1

Microscope

Question 2

Is an instrument that uses one or more lenses to produce a magnified
image of an object that is invisible to the naked eye.

Question 3

is the most commonly used microscope in laboratories. It
uses the principle of light microscopy (also called optical microscope) in which it uses natural
or artificial transmitted light as the source of light to illuminate an object.

Answer 3

Compound microscope

Question 4

Has high magnification but lower resolution resulting to a less sharp image
compared to some advanced

Question 5

of a microscope is the
ability of a microscope to see a tiny object 1000 times.

Answer 5

Magnification

Question 6

Can
see as tiny as 0.1 micrometer (μm) or 100 nanometers (nm) diameter.

Answer 6

Simple compound microscope

Question 7

on the other hand is the ability to
distinguish details or to see two close objects as two distinct objects.

Answer 7

Resolution

Question 8

The product of the magnification of the objective lens and that of the eyepiece.

Answer 8

Total magnifying power of the compound microscope

Question 9

Compound microscopes can either be a monocular; consisting of a single eyepiece, or a binocular; consisting of a pair of eyepieces.

Question 10

The eyepieces are the lenses you look through. In binocular
microscopes the eyepieces can be adjusted to match the distance between the eyes of
different observers.
The magnifications are usually stamped on the side of the eyepiece
(most are 10X).

Answer 10

Eyepiece/Ocular Lens:

Question 11

: Light travels from the objectives through a series of magnifying lenses in the
body tube to the ocular.
Contains a prism that bends the light rays so that
they will pass through the oculars.

Answer 11

Body tube

Question 12

Attached to a rotating nose piece, or turret, at the base of the body tube
are a group of 3 or 4 objectives.

Answer 12

Objective Lens

Question 13

Objective lenses are usually named according to their magnifying power, as follows:
scanning power 4X;
low power 10X;
high power 40X;
oil immersion 100X.

Answer 13

Objective Lens

Question 14

The surface or platform on which you place the microscope slide is the

Answer 14

Stage

Question 15

In the center of the stage is an opening called

Answer 15

Stage aperture

Question 16

The stage is
(—)
and has clips to hold the slide in place.

Answer 16

stationary

Question 17

The stage is
movable and is called a

Answer 17

Mechanical stage

Question 18

Controlled by 2 knobs located on the
top, side, or bottom of of

Answer 18

Movement of stage

Question 19

The area under the stage, called the
, may contain a diaphragm, a
condenser, or both

Answer 19

Substage

Question 20

Regulates the amount of light passing from the light source
through the specimen and through the lens system of the microscope.
Greatly improving your image of the specimen.

Answer 20

Diaphragm

Question 21

The light source, usually an electric lamp, which transmits light
through a translucent object for viewing and controlled by an on/off switch. You can control
the amount of light entering the specimen by adjusting the diaphragm.

Answer 21

Illumination System

Question 22

Is usually concave on 1 side and flat on the other

Answer 22

mirror

Question 23

The flat side of the
mirror is usually used with the scanning and low-power objectives

Question 24

Is
used with the higher power objectives. The light source for the mirror is usually a lamp;
natural light can be used but it is not preferred because its intensity is too variable.

Answer 24

concave mirror

Question 25

You can focus your microscope by using this

Answer 25

Coarse and fine adjustment knobs

Question 26

Uses an ultraviolet light source to expose a specimen stained with
fluorescent dye resulting in an emission of longer wavelength of light.

Answer 26

Fluorescent microscopes:

Question 27

utilizes a beam of electrons instead of a beam of light used in the light
microscopy. The resolution of the electron microscope is extremely high, theoretically
100,000 times than that of a

Answer 27

Electron microscopes

Question 28

a type of an electron microscope that provides a three- dimensional image of the object as well as high resolution

Answer 28

Scanning electron microscope:

Question 29

another type of electron microscopy by which live organisms can be
visualized based on rapid cooling of specimens by deep-freezing in liquid gas and the
subsequent formation of carbon platinum replica

Answer 29

Freeze-etching: