Chapter 13: Therapies Flashcards

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1
Q

Clinical psychology

A

An area of psychology that integrates science and theory to prevent and treat psychological disorders

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2
Q

Psychotherapy

A

A non medical process that helps individuals with psychological disorders recognize and overcome their problems

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3
Q

Biological therapies

A

Also called biomedical therapies, treatments that reduce or eliminate the symptoms of psychological disorders by altering aspects of the body’s functioning

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4
Q

Psychiatrist

A

Medical doctors who specialize in treating psychological disorders

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5
Q

Sociocultural therapies

A

Treatments that acknowledge the relationships, roles, and cultural contexts that characterize an individual’s life, often bringing them into the therapeutic context

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6
Q

Evidence based practices

A

Integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of clients characteristics, culture, and preferences

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7
Q

Therapeutic alliance

A

The relationship between the therapist and client- an important element of successful psychotherapy

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8
Q

Psychodynamic therapies

A

Treatments that stress the importance of the unconscious mind, extensive interpretation by the therapist, and the role of early childhood experiences in the development of the individual’s problems

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9
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Frued’s therapeutic technique for analyzing an individual’s unconscious thoughts

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10
Q

Free association

A

A psychoanalytic technique that involves encouraging individuals to say aloud whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing

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11
Q

Interpretation

A

A psychoanalyst’s search for symbolic, hidden meanings in what the client says and does during therapy

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12
Q

Dream analysis

A

A psychoanalytic technique for interpreting a person’s dreams

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13
Q

Transference

A

A client’s relating to the psychoanalyst in ways that reproduce or relieve important relationships in the clients life

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14
Q

Resistance

A

A client’s unconscious defense strategies that prevent the person from gaining insight into their psychological problems

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15
Q

Humanistic therapies

A

Treatments that uniquely emphasize people’s self-healing capacities and that encourage clients to understand themselves and grow personally

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16
Q

Client-centered therapy

A

Also called rogerian therapy or no directive therapy, a form of humanistic therapy, developed by rogers, in which the therapist provides a warm, supportive atmosphere to improve the client’s self-concept and to encourage the client to gain insight into their problems

17
Q

Reflective speech

A

A technique in which the therapist mirrors the client’s own feelings back to the client

18
Q

Genuineness

A

(Humanistic therapies) the therapist is a real person in the relationship with the client, sharing feeling and not hiding behind a facade of objectivity

19
Q

Behavior therapies

A

Treatments, based on behavioral and social cognitive theories, that use principles of learning to reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior

20
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

A behavior therapy that treats anxiety by teaching the client to associate deep relaxation with increasingly intense anxiety-producing situations

21
Q

Cognitive therapies

A

Treatments emphasizing that cognitions (thoughts) are the main source of psychological problems; therapies that attempt to change the individual’s feelings and behaviors by changing cognitions

22
Q

Cognitive restructuring

A

A general concept for changing a pattern of thought that is presumed to be causing maladaptive behavior or emotions, is central to cognitive therapies

23
Q

Cognitive-behavioral-therapy (CBT)

A

A therapy that combines cognitive therapy and behavior therapy with he goal of developing the client’s self-efficacy

24
Q

Integrative therapy

A

Using a combination of techniques from different therapies based on the therapists judgements of which particular methods will provide the greatest benefit for the client

25
Q

Anti anxiety drugs

A

Commonly known as tranquilizers, drugs that reduce anxiety by making individuals calmer and less excitable

26
Q

Antidepressant drugs

A

Drugs that regulate mood

27
Q

Lithium

A

The lightest of the solid elements in the periodic table of elements, widely used to treat bipolar disorder

28
Q

Antipsychotic drugs

A

Powerful drugs that diminish agitated behavior, reduce tension, decrease hallucinations, improve social behavior, and produce better sleep patterns in an individual with a severe psychological disorder, especially schizophrenia

29
Q

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

A

Also called shock therapy, a treatment, sometimes used for depression, that sets of a seizure in the brain

30
Q

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

A

Uses a magnet rather than an electrical current to stimulate the brain, and has been approved by the FDA as a treatment for people who have not responded to at least 1 antidepressant medication.

31
Q

Group therapy

A

A sociocultural approach to the treatment of psychological disorder that brings together individuals who share particular psychological disorders in sessions that are typically led by a mental health professional

32
Q

Family therappy

A

Group family among family members

33
Q

Couples therapy

A

Group therapy involving married or unmarried couples whose major problem lies within their relationship

34
Q

Self-help support groups

A

Voluntary organization of people who get together on a regular basis to discuss topics of common interest

35
Q

Cross-cultural competence

A

A therapist’s assessment of their abilities to manage cultural issues in therapy and the client’s perception of those abilities