Chapter 13: Therapies

Question 1

Clinical psychology

Answer 1

An area of psychology that integrates science and theory to prevent and treat psychological disorders

Question 2

Psychotherapy

Answer 2

A non medical process that helps individuals with psychological disorders recognize and overcome their problems

Question 3

Biological therapies

Answer 3

Also called biomedical therapies, treatments that reduce or eliminate the symptoms of psychological disorders by altering aspects of the body’s functioning

Question 4

Psychiatrist

Answer 4

Medical doctors who specialize in treating psychological disorders

Question 5

Sociocultural therapies

Answer 5

Treatments that acknowledge the relationships, roles, and cultural contexts that characterize an individual’s life, often bringing them into the therapeutic context

Question 6

Evidence based practices

Answer 6

Integration of the best available research with clinical expertise in the context of clients characteristics, culture, and preferences

Question 7

Therapeutic alliance

Answer 7

The relationship between the therapist and client- an important element of successful psychotherapy

Question 8

Psychodynamic therapies

Answer 8

Treatments that stress the importance of the unconscious mind, extensive interpretation by the therapist, and the role of early childhood experiences in the development of the individual’s problems

Question 9

Psychoanalysis

Answer 9

Frued’s therapeutic technique for analyzing an individual’s unconscious thoughts

Question 10

Free association

Answer 10

A psychoanalytic technique that involves encouraging individuals to say aloud whatever comes to mind, no matter how trivial or embarrassing

Question 11

Interpretation

Answer 11

A psychoanalyst’s search for symbolic, hidden meanings in what the client says and does during therapy

Question 12

Dream analysis

Answer 12

A psychoanalytic technique for interpreting a person’s dreams

Question 13

Transference

Answer 13

A client’s relating to the psychoanalyst in ways that reproduce or relieve important relationships in the clients life

Question 14

Resistance

Answer 14

A client’s unconscious defense strategies that prevent the person from gaining insight into their psychological problems

Question 15

Humanistic therapies

Answer 15

Treatments that uniquely emphasize people’s self-healing capacities and that encourage clients to understand themselves and grow personally

Question 16

Client-centered therapy

Answer 16

Also called rogerian therapy or no directive therapy, a form of humanistic therapy, developed by rogers, in which the therapist provides a warm, supportive atmosphere to improve the client’s self-concept and to encourage the client to gain insight into their problems

Question 17

Reflective speech

Answer 17

A technique in which the therapist mirrors the client’s own feelings back to the client

Question 18

Genuineness

Answer 18

(Humanistic therapies) the therapist is a real person in the relationship with the client, sharing feeling and not hiding behind a facade of objectivity

Question 19

Behavior therapies

Answer 19

Treatments, based on behavioral and social cognitive theories, that use principles of learning to reduce or eliminate maladaptive behavior

Question 20

Systematic desensitization

Answer 20

A behavior therapy that treats anxiety by teaching the client to associate deep relaxation with increasingly intense anxiety-producing situations

Question 21

Cognitive therapies

Answer 21

Treatments emphasizing that cognitions (thoughts) are the main source of psychological problems; therapies that attempt to change the individual’s feelings and behaviors by changing cognitions

Question 22

Cognitive restructuring

Answer 22

A general concept for changing a pattern of thought that is presumed to be causing maladaptive behavior or emotions, is central to cognitive therapies

Question 23

Cognitive-behavioral-therapy (CBT)

Answer 23

A therapy that combines cognitive therapy and behavior therapy with he goal of developing the client’s self-efficacy

Question 24

Integrative therapy

Answer 24

Using a combination of techniques from different therapies based on the therapists judgements of which particular methods will provide the greatest benefit for the client

Question 25

Anti anxiety drugs

Answer 25

Commonly known as tranquilizers, drugs that reduce anxiety by making individuals calmer and less excitable

Question 26

Antidepressant drugs

Answer 26

Drugs that regulate mood

Question 27

Lithium

Answer 27

The lightest of the solid elements in the periodic table of elements, widely used to treat bipolar disorder

Question 28

Antipsychotic drugs

Answer 28

Powerful drugs that diminish agitated behavior, reduce tension, decrease hallucinations, improve social behavior, and produce better sleep patterns in an individual with a severe psychological disorder, especially schizophrenia

Question 29

Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)

Answer 29

Also called shock therapy, a treatment, sometimes used for depression, that sets of a seizure in the brain

Question 30

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)

Answer 30

Uses a magnet rather than an electrical current to stimulate the brain, and has been approved by the FDA as a treatment for people who have not responded to at least 1 antidepressant medication.

Question 31

Group therapy

Answer 31

A sociocultural approach to the treatment of psychological disorder that brings together individuals who share particular psychological disorders in sessions that are typically led by a mental health professional

Question 32

Family therappy

Answer 32

Group family among family members

Question 33

Couples therapy

Answer 33

Group therapy involving married or unmarried couples whose major problem lies within their relationship

Question 34

Self-help support groups

Answer 34

Voluntary organization of people who get together on a regular basis to discuss topics of common interest

Question 35

Cross-cultural competence

Answer 35

A therapist’s assessment of their abilities to manage cultural issues in therapy and the client’s perception of those abilities