CULTURE AND SOCIETY

Question 1

 Collection of people having the same culture. For instance, the Philippine society, despite geographical barriers, shares general similarities in terms of day to day practices, beliefs, values, and moral conduct. Filipinos from the different parts of the archipelago are described to be jolly, hospitable to visitors, and family-centered.

Answer 1

SOCIETY

Question 2

Can be simplified as a way of life.

Answer 2

CULTURE

Question 3

According to ____ (1920), “that complex whole which encompasses beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms, artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything that a person learns and shares as a member of society”

Answer 3

TYLOR- Defining Culture

Question 4

 Culture have two different forms:

Answer 4

1. Material Culture
2. Non-material Culture

Question 5

 Tangible objects significant to the society.
 They can be public figures, historical places, things essential to the everyday lives of the people or special resources exclusive to their place.

Answer 5

MATERIAL CULTURE

Question 6

 Intangible forms, such as value systems, mores, and laws.
 The values and beliefs, language, communication, and practices that are shared in common by a group of people

Answer 6

NON-MATERIAL CULTURE

Question 7

CHARACTERISTIC OF CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGIST:

 Culture is not innate in a person. It is not biological in nature which means that it is not something that physically or genetically inherited.
 It takes a while for culture to be acquired and developed.
 Culture is learned through families, peers, institutions, and media.

Answer 7

CULTURE IS LEARNED

Question 8

CHARACTERISTIC OF CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGIST:

 The culture that is learned across different societies is not possessed by a single person alone.
 Large groups of people would usually share similar behavior patterns developed overtime.
 The interaction of individuals in societies also leads to the sharing of beliefs, customs, ideals, and practices.

Answer 8

CULTURE IS SHARED

Question 9

CHARACTERISTIC OF CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGIST:

 Different cultural practices may exist within a single society but ultimately culture remains to be holistic in nature.
 Cultural parts and aspects are interconnected in that when taken together, a way of life is manifested.
 In order for someone to truly understand the dominant culture in a particular country, one must learn its entirety and not just the fragmented parts.

Answer 9

CULTURE IS INTEGRATED

Question 10

CHARACTERISTIC OF CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGIST:

Culture adapts to various environmental and geographical conditions as witnessed throughout the context of the history of the world.
 Ancient people survived on hunting skills which eventually evolved into agriculture, trade, and now globalization.
 All cultures are bound to change at same point otherwise problems adapting to a changing environment would occur.

Answer 10

CULTURE IS ADAPTIVE AND DYNAMIC

Question 11

CHARACTERISTIC OF CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGIST:

There is no single tangible manifestation that can take the form of culture itself.
 Culture is manifested through behavior, habits, mannerisms, and actvities.
 Culture’s most abstract form is learned and inherited from generation to generation through enculturation

Answer 11

CULTURE IS ABSTRACT

Question 12

CHARACTERISTIC OF CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGIST:

the society are only validated when people in a specific society agree on what the symbol stands for.
 One way of expressing symbolic meaning of culture is through language.
 It allows people to understand and transmit abstract concepts and ideals to the next generation.

Answer 12

CULTURE IS SYMBOLIC

Question 13

CHARACTERISTIC OF CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ANTHROPOLOGIST:

 Culture changes as time passes.
 One possible reason why cultural changes occur is to adapt to the present environment or to existing social situations.
 Driving forces that led to change
- Subculture
- Counterculture

Answer 13

Dynamic, Flexible, and Adaptive

Question 14

ASPECTS OF CULTURE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIOLOGIST:

If culture is learned and shared, it is also contested in different ways and situation
 Because of the diversity, culture is subjected to debate and analysis.
 It may be challenged by the presence of modernization, industrialization and globalization.

Answer 14

culture is shared, contested, and challenge

Question 15

is described as something that is learned by being a member of society.

Answer 15

culture

Question 16

is the process of passing culture from one generation to the next.

Answer 16

enculturation

Question 17

is learning the culture of another society.

Answer 17

acculturation

Question 18

5 patterns of social interaction

Answer 18

1. Exchange
2. Cooperation
3. Competition
4. Conflict
5. Coercion

Question 19

is a tendency to believe that one’s culture is superior or above other cultures.

Answer 19

ethnocentrism

Question 20

view considers one’s own culture as the “center of everything” seeing the world only from the perspective of one’s own culture.

Answer 20

ethnocentric

Question 21

suggests that every culture is equal. According to this concept, a specific culture should only be viewed in the context of its own cultural standards.

Answer 21

cultural relativism

Question 22

 Every culture—its traditions, customs, practices, ideas, rituals— is relative to the framework of that culture

T OR F

Answer 22

T