Exam 2 Review

Question 1

Which of the following is not part of a nucleotide?
A phosphate group, a five-carbon sugar, a cyclic nitrogen base, a sulfur group

Answer 1

A sulfur group

Question 2

Which scientists are responsible for determining that DNA is the hereditary material in bacteriophages?

Answer 2

Hershey and Chase

Question 3

One of the strands in DNA has a sequence: 5’ ATCTGCTACGA 3’. A complimentary DNA sequence to this strand would be what?

Answer 3

3’- TAGACGATGCT -5’

Question 4

Which type of chemical bond attaches deoxyribose molecules together to form the backbone of a DNA molecule?

Answer 4

Phosphodiester

Question 5

If you measure 23% G, what is the percentage of A in a given DNA molecule?

Answer 5

27%

Question 6

What is it called when an organism has extra sets of chromosomes derived from two species?

Answer 6

Allopolyploidy

Question 7

What term describes 2n-1 for a karyotype?

Answer 7

Monosomy

Question 8

What is a numerical change in part of a genome, usually a change in the dosage of a single chromosome?

Answer 8

Aneuploidy

Question 9

Klinefelter syndrome is associated with individuals who possess:

Answer 9

Three sex chromosomes

Question 10

What occurs when a chromosome segment is detached, flipped 180 degrees, and reattached to the rest of the chromosome?

Answer 10

Inversion

Question 11

Advantages of studying microorganisms include:
Large amounts of space needed for studies, slow reproduction time, organisms can be grown in biochemically defined culture media, all of the above

Answer 11

Organisms can be grown in biochemically defined culture media

Question 12

The uptake of free DNA molecules from the environment is known as what?

Answer 12

Transformation

Question 13

In ___, a random fragment of DNA is packaged in a phage head in place of the phage chromosome.

Answer 13

Transduction

Question 14

Genetic elements in bacteria that can replicate independently of the main chromosomes are known as what?

Answer 14

Plasmids

Question 15

Which of the following components would be necessary for bacterial survival with the following genotype: trp+, lue-, lac-, tets, and ampr

Answer 15

The amino acid leucine

Question 16

What is it called when two genes are on the same chromosome and travel as a unit through meiosis?

Answer 16

Linked genes

Question 17

If two genes are completely unlinked, what is their frequency of recombination?

Answer 17

50%

Question 18

At what stage of meiosis does crossing over occur?

Answer 18

Late prophase I

Question 19

When one crossover inhibits the occurrence of another, this is called:

Answer 19

Interference

Question 20

Unlike bacteriophage lambda, which is a temperate phage, T4 phage enters a ___ pathway, that always leads to the death of the host bacterial cell.

Answer 20

Lytic

Question 21

Cotransduction of two genes is more likely if they are:

Answer 21

Close to one another