Opiods Part 1 Flashcards
1
Q
An unpleasant sensory & emotional experience assc. w/ actual or potential damage is
A
Pain
2
Q
3 classif. Of pain
A
Severity, duration, source
3
Q
Nociceptors
A
- free nerve endings
- threshold must be reached before signal trigger
4
Q
Pain pathway (6 steps)
A
1) injury
2) dorsal root ganglia
3) spinal cord
4) ascending path
5) brain
6) descending path
5
Q
2 sites that opioids act on
A
- brain
- spinal cord
6
Q
When was morphine first recommended for Tx of colic, cought, and analgesia in horses
A
1930
7
Q
Difference between opiates and opioids
A
- opiates: “natural”; derived from poppy seeds
- opioids: can be natural, semi-synthetic, or synthetic
8
Q
Why are opioids sometimes called narcotics?
A
- they can prod. Sedation and sleep
9
Q
3 types of opioid receptors
A
- Mu
- Kappa
- Delta
10
Q
Mu receptors
A
- target endorphins
- located in brain, spinal cord, and peripheral sensory neurons
11
Q
Kappa receptors
A
- target dynorphins
- located in brain, spinal cord, and peripheral sensory neurons
12
Q
Delta receptors
A
- target encephalin receptors
- located in brain & peripheral sensory neurons
13
Q
Main intended effect for opiate receptors (all 3 receptors)
A
Spinal & supraspinal analgesia
14
Q
Opioid MOA facts
A
- bind to spinal & supraspinal receptors
- all 3 receptors are G protein coupled receptors
15
Q
MOA of opioids
A
- inhibit adenyl cyclase
- activate K+ channels-> hyperpolarization of resting membrane potential
- inhibition of excitatory NT release (ACh, glutamic acid, dopamine, substance p, serotonin)
