digestive system Flashcards
what is ingestion
is the intake of substances such as food and drinks into the body through the mouth
what is digestion
the breakdown of large,insoluble food molecules into small water soluble molecules using mechanical and chemical process
mechanical digestion
is the breaking down of large peices into smaller pieces to increase the surface ara for faster action of enzymes
chemical digestion
is the breakdown of large insoluble molecules into small soluble molecules using enzymes
absorption
the movment of small food molecules and ions through the wwall of the intestine into blood
assimilation
the movement of digested food molecules into the cells of the body where they are used
egestion
the passing out of food that has not been digested or absorbed through the anus
adaption of the villi
their wallls very thin for faster absorption
numerous increasing surfuce area for faster absorption
microvilli for more surface area for faster absorption
large network of blood cappilllieries to maintain concentration gradient
lacteal vessel for absorption of fatty acid and glycerol
large number of mitochndria to release energy for active transport
what are 5 process of digestive system
ingestion
digestion
absorption
assimlation
egestion
chemical process happen in mouth
starch change to maltose by amylase
explain mechanical in mouth
using teeth bite food and tunge mix food with salivia increase surface area form it into bolus to be sawallowed
chemical process happen in stomach
protien break into ammino acid by pepsin
function of hcl acid
provide optimum ph for pepsin
kill bacteria
mechanical process happen in stomach
mixing of food and muscles contaract and relax to churn
teeth
mechanical digestion of food by chewing,cutting,grinding food