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Biochemistry > Amino Acid Metabolism > Flashcards

Amino Acid Metabolism Flashcards

1
Q

What are the one-carbon carriers?

A
  • tetrahydrofolate
  • S-adenosylmethionine
  • biotin
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2
Q

What is the only carrier of CO2?

A

biotin

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3
Q

What are the 3 components of folate?

A
  • pteridine
  • p-aminobenzoate
  • glutamate
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4
Q

How is folate reduced to make THF?

A

proton added to 5,6,7,8

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5
Q

What is the inhibitor of the reaction of folate -> tetrahydrofolate?

A

methotrexate -> causes death in cancer cells

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6
Q

What is the enzyme of the reaction of folate -> tetrahydrofolate?

A

DHFR

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7
Q

What is the function of serine hydroxymethyl transferase reactions?

A
  • serine -> glycine
  • THF -> N5, N10 methylene THF
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8
Q

What is the enzyme & cofactor of serine hydroxymethyl transferase reactions?

A
  • enzyme: serine hydroxymethyl transferase
  • cofactor: PLP
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9
Q

For the oxidation/reduction of THF, what vitamin is needed to leave the THF track?

A

B12

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10
Q

How is homocysteine converted into methionine?

A

methionine synthase

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11
Q

For the oxidation/reduction of THF, what is the most reduced?

A

methyl-THF

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12
Q

For the oxidation/reduction of THF, what is the most oxidized?

A
  • fromyl-THF
  • forminino-THF
  • methenyl-THF
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13
Q

For the oxidation/reduction of THF, what is the intermediate?

A

methylene-THF

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14
Q

How is serine converted into CO2 + NH4?

A

serine -> serine hydroxymethyl transferase + PLP -> glycine -> glycine cleavage enzyme + NAD to NADH -> CO2 + NH4

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15
Q

How is CO2 + NH4 converted into serine?

A

serine -> serine hydroxymethyl transferase + PLP -> glycine -> glycine synthase + NADH to NAD -> CO2 + NH4

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16
Q

How is methionine converted into homocysteine?

A

methionine -> ATP -> SAM -> SAHC -> homocysteine

17
Q

What are the 2 mechanisms used in methionine synthesis?

A
  1. methionine synthase
  2. BHMT & betaine (aka trimethylglycine)
18
Q

In the succinyl-CoA pathway, what are the important enzymes to convert ethylmalonyl-CoA into succinyl-CoA?

A

CoA mutase & vitamin B12

19
Q

What is vitamin B12 cobalamin?

A

corrin ring metal ion = cobalt

20
Q

How do humans get vitamin B12?

A

by ingesting it

21
Q

What is required for absorption of vitamin B12?

A

the intrinsic factor secreted from the parietal cells in the stomach

22
Q

What is pernicious anemia?

A
  • deficiency in intrinsic factors
  • cannot absorb vitamin B12
  • decreased proper RBC division/production

Biochemistry (20 decks)

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