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History > E E - government > Flashcards

E E - government Flashcards

1
Q

what was the royal court?

A

the group of nobles and privy councillors who surrounded the queen

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2
Q

who travelled with elizabeth as she toured?

A

courtiers

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3
Q

what forms of entertainment were held at court?

A

jousting tournaments
dances
plays

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4
Q

what positions of power did elizabeth grant people?

A

a place at court or privy council

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5
Q

who would get places at court ?

A

wealthy nobles
elizabeth’s favourites

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6
Q

what did the system of patronage mean?

A

power was based on personal relationships with the queen

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7
Q

what role did elizabeth’s most trusted courtiers have?

A

privy councillors

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8
Q

how often did the privy council meet?

A

daily

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9
Q

what did the privy council discuss?

A

important issues such as going to war

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10
Q

who led the privy council?

A

elizabeth’s chief advisor, the secretary of state

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11
Q

how did elizabeth control the privy council

A

she appointed privy councillors with different viewpoints leaving her free to choose between them

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12
Q

who did she appoint as secretary of state for most of her reign?

A

William Cecil

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13
Q

what did willliam cecil do in 1587?

A

manipulated elizabeth into executing mary queen of scots

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14
Q

who controlled each county?

A

a lord lieutenant

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15
Q

who was the lord lieutenant appointed by?

A

the queen - form of patronage.

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16
Q

who would receive the role of lord lieutenant?

A

usually the most powerful noble in the county

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17
Q

what did the lord lieutenant do?

A

kept the queen and privy council informed
organised a local army to deal with rebellions

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18
Q

what did JPs do

A

responsible for law and order

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19
Q

how many Jps were there

A

40 in each county

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20
Q

who were jps appointed by?

A

the queen - form of patronage

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21
Q

what were Jps responsible for?

A

collecting taxed and fines
enforcing the poor law
judging court cases

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22
Q

what were the issues with Jps

A

they were unpaid leading to corruption and bribery

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23
Q

what was parliament

A

a part if elizabeth’s government in which MPs voted to give their consent for new laws and taxes

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24
Q

why did parliament pose threat to elizabeth’s authority?

A

elizabeth needed parliaments consent to raise taxes which gave mps power to push for changes they wanted

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25
Q

what did puritan MPs encourage elizabeth to do

A

marry a protestant
remove archbishops and bishops
stop priests wearing vestments
give MPs freedom of speech

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26
Q

how often did parliament meet during elizabeth’s reign?

A

13 times in 45 years

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27
Q

how did elizabeth limit MPs freedom of speech?

A

banning discussion of religion or her marriage and used harsh punishments to control Puritan MPs

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28
Q

when did elizabeth imprison peter wentworth?

A

1593

29
Q

why did elizabeth imprison peter wentworth

A

he demanded she name a protestant heir

30
Q

when did john stubbs have his hand chopped off?

A

1579

31
Q

why did john stubbs have his hands chopped off?

A

criticising elizabeth’s proposed marriage to catholic duke of anjou

32
Q

how did elizabeth use portraits as propaganda?

A

emphasised her power and hid signs of weakness

33
Q

why did elizabeth go on regular progresses

A

she could be seen by ordinary people

34
Q

what was a progress

A

a royal tour that took place each summer

35
Q

what did elizabeth do on her progress

A

showed off her wealth and splendour
spoke with ordinary people as she passed

36
Q

where did elizabeth’s progresses take place

A

protestant areas in the south east

37
Q

who was robert devereux?

A

the earl of essex

38
Q

how did the earl of essex get on the privy council

A

his success as a military commander

39
Q

what did the earl of essex do in 1598?

A

reached for his sword during an argument with elizabeth

40
Q

what did the earl of essex do in 1599?

A

led a failed military expedition in ireland

41
Q

what did the earl of essex do in 1600?

A

abandoned his soldiers in ireland and forced his way into elizabeth’s bedchamber

42
Q

what did the earl of essex do in 1601?

A

plotted an armed rebellion to remove elizabeth and make james of scotland the king

43
Q

when did the essex rebellion reveal elizabeth’s weakness?

A

1590s

44
Q

what did the death of cecil cause?

A

dangerous fractional rivalry in the privy council

45
Q

what did the death of cecil cause for Essex?

A

struggled to respect elizabeth’s authority because she was a woman

46
Q

features of rainbow portrait that show power

A

rainbow is a sign of peace
eyes and ears showing she can see and hear everything
jewellery represents wealth
pearls represent virginity

47
Q

how did plays show elizabeth’s power

A

privy council able to censor publications they disapproved of
promoted plays that presented kings and queens giving order

48
Q

what poem did elizabeth help become popular

A

the faerie queen as it praised a queen like her

49
Q

how was elizabeth’s final speech to parliament published

A

by her own printer and had a specific message that she loved her people

50
Q

what did elizabeth do do the 1575 coin

A

changed it in 1596 to make her look younger and hide her aging

51
Q

what did elizabeth’s courtiers wear

A

expensive miniature portraits of her

52
Q

features of the royal court

A

60 residences of the queen
filled with courtiers
handed out land tit;es and jobs

53
Q

how often did parliament meet

A

85 months spent meeting and debating in her 45 year reign

54
Q

how many people in the privy council

A

19 men to minimise conflict

55
Q

how often did the privy council meet

A

every day

56
Q

how did she control the privy council

A

limited it to 19 members and only 8/9 met regularly
appointed councillors with diff viewpoints
used flattery and rewards and removed them
discussed policies with courtiers who were not members

57
Q

when was william cecil elizabeth’s secretary of state

A

1558

58
Q

features of england surroiunding earl of essex rebellion

A

elizabeth growing old no husband
country had war with spain
rebellion in ireland
growing unrest in country due to high taxes and bad harvests

59
Q

what did elizabeth give cecil

A

1587 master of horse which is a court position his stepfather used to have
1593 became a privy councillor
1596 led successful attack on port of cadiz

60
Q

when was cecil promoted to secretary of state

A

1596

61
Q

why was robert cecils promotion upsetting for essex

A

essex wanted to have influence over her royal patronage

62
Q

events building up to rebellion of essex

A

cecil and essex built up rival factions at court which had been avoided in the past
essex sent to Ireland to defeat but made peace against orders, broke into her bedchamber to explain this
banned from court and financially ruined

63
Q

when was essex executed for treason

A

25th february 1601

64
Q

how did essex try rebel

A

gathered duke of southampton and key catholics and puritans and former soldiers
wanted to try rid the influence of cecil at court
privy council heard of attack and wanted essex deserted

65
Q

puritan threat in 1571

A

walter strickland leader of puritan group in parliament wanted to reform elizabeth’s new prayer book and started ventarían controversy

66
Q

elizabeth’s response to walter strickland

A

silenced him by closing parliament

67
Q

puritan threat 1575-83

A

some puritan clergy started organising prayer meetings called prophesyings which displeased elizabeth
puritans took a freer approach to prayer and did not follow what elizabeth had specified

68
Q

elizabeth’s response to prayer meetings

A

ordered her new archbishop of canterbury edmund grindal to ban the meetings but he protested
suspended him and 200 puritan priests expelled

69
Q

what did john stubbs do in 1583

A

published a pamphlet criticising elizabeth’s ongoing marriage negotiations with the brother of the catholic french king

History (22 decks)

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