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History > M of A Civil War > Flashcards

M of A Civil War Flashcards

1
Q

what were the early tensions that caused the civil war

A

the cotton gin
louisiana purchase
missouri compromise

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2
Q

when was the cotton gin

A

1793

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3
Q

what did the cotton gin do

A

sped up the processing of cotton therefore slaves were worked hard to grow and pick it

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4
Q

how did cotton gin contribute to the civil war

A

the number of slaves and hours working increased so anger in the north grew

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5
Q

when was the louisiana purchase

A

1803

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6
Q

what happened after the louisiana purchase

A

louisiana , alabama and mississippi joined the usa as slave states
the amount of land available for plantations increased

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7
Q

how did the louisiana purchase contribute to the civil war

A

the cotton kingdom saw slavery grew and the north grew angrier

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8
Q

when was the missouri compromise

A

1820

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9
Q

what did the missouri compromise mean

A

states had to join the usa in pairs- one slave one free
the political balance in congress was maintained

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10
Q

how did the missouri compromise contribute to the civil war

A

slavery grew in missouri and south of it
neither side had control and the compromise stayed in place until 1854

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11
Q

which factors were part of abolitionists threaten the south and its contribution to the civil war

A

anti slavery society
underground railroad
congress ban slavery in the new territories
clay compromise

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12
Q

who set up the anti slavery society

A

william lloyd garrison and arthur tapan

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13
Q

when was the anti slavery soviet formed

A

1833

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14
Q

how many members did the anti slavery society have by 1838

A

250,000

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15
Q

what did the anti slavery society do

A

allowed formerly enslaved who fled north to tell their stories through essays, pamphlets , petitions

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16
Q

when was the underground railroad set up

A

1800-1860

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17
Q

who set up the underground railroad

A

former slaves frederick douglass and harriet tubman

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18
Q

what did the underground railroad do

A

helped smuggle escaped slave to freedom from the south

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19
Q

when did congress ban slavery in the new territories

A

1846

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20
Q

why did congress vote to ban slavery

A

it was dominated by northern politicians

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21
Q

why did congress banning slavery in new territories cause division

A

southerners felt this would mean slavery was not allowed anywhere in the west calling the missouri compromise into question

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22
Q

when was the clay compromise

A

1850

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23
Q

what did the clay compromise mean

A

california should enter a free state
territories gained from mexico should make their own decision on slavery
all states should accept a new fugitive slave act agreeing to return escaped slaves to their holders

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24
Q

who suggested the clay compromise

A

pro slavery southern politician henry clay

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25
Q

why were slaveholders worried before the clay compromise

A

they were losing their influence as the north grew in power and wealth and an increasing population worried them as representation in congress depended on size of a state

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26
Q

what factors contributed to the struggle deepening

A

kansas nebraska act
bleeding kansas
james buchanan becomes president
presidential campaign and states rights

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27
Q

when was the kansas nebraska act

A

1854

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28
Q

what did the kansas nebraska act do

A

overturned missouri compromise saying kansas and nebraska could now decide if they wanted slavery through a popular vote

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29
Q

when was bleeding kansas

A

1850s

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30
Q

what happened during bleeding kansas

A

pro and anti slavery violencee as trying to settle the state to win the vote on whether or not there should be slavery
just under 200 were killed

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31
Q

when did james buchanan become president

A

1856

32
Q

what did james buchanan do

A

supported the spread of slavery above the missouri compromise line
so land in the north was filled with large plantations
supported the dred scott decision which states congress had no right to ban slavery as every american had the right to own property

33
Q

when was abraham lincoln’s presidential campaign

A

1860

34
Q

features of abraham lincoln’s presidential campaign

A

promised free land to western settlers and prevent slavery expansion
promised transcontinental railroad running through northern states rather than southern states

35
Q

response to lincoln becoming president

A

southern states felt it meant the end of slavery
rallied round the cause of states rights and felt they had a duty to preserve their state rights
said the south would secede from the usa and start their own country

36
Q

when was the american civil war

A

1861 to 1865

37
Q

how many died in the civil war

A

750,000

38
Q

who was the civil war between

A

the northern and southern states

39
Q

what were north and south known as

A

north known as the union
south as the confederacy

40
Q

features of event at fort pillow

A

300 black soldiers from northern union army defending their base
threw down their weapons to meet the grey coated soldiers to surrender
were attacked and killed

41
Q

what did south carolina vote in 1860

A

169-0 to secede from the usa

42
Q

how many other states seceded by 1861

A

six , forming the confederacy

43
Q

who was confederacy’s president in 1861

A

jefferson davis

44
Q

what happened in 1861 at fort sumter

A

davis ordered his gunboats to open fire there after lincoln’s stated confederacy was illegal

45
Q

when was the law tat banned northern african americans joining the war

A

1792

46
Q

why did lincoln not allow northern black men to join army in 1861

A

feared it might make slave holding border states who had chosen to fight for the union change their minds

47
Q

work in army of southern african americans

A

slaves did work but were not allowed to fight so were used to build defences or move supplies

48
Q

what happened as the union took southern land

A

many slaves escaped plantations to support the north
north unsure what to do with escapees and they had to do similar labour tasks

49
Q

southern response to slaves escaping to north

A

demanded the return of the hostages
believed slaves were property not people so couldn’t be hostages

50
Q

when was the law saying slaves could be contraband of war

A

1862

51
Q

features of contraband of war law

A

could work for the army instead of being sent back to their masters
could not join union army but started to allow them to from may

52
Q

when was the second confiscation act

A

june 1862

53
Q

features of second confiscation act

A

any southern slave owning lands taken by north became free
sea islands were captured and 10,000 slaves freed and allowed to keep the land and set up mitchville

54
Q

what did northern volunteers do in the sea islands

A

went there to offer the now freed slaves healthcare and education

55
Q

jobs of black americans in north

A

often not equal pay
could not be in charge of white workers
a few got professional jobs as doctors/lawyers

56
Q

jobs of black americans in the south

A

slaves
no jobs or money
a few could get work but rare

57
Q

housing of black americans in the north

A

lived in poorer areas of cities with high rents
a handful had better living conditions

58
Q

housing in the south for black americans

A

plantation housing so small and cramped
diseases spread easily
no medical care

59
Q

education in nort for black americans

A

schools segregated
black students basic education
a few universities for black students but struggled to get jobs after

60
Q

education in north for B As

A

illegal to learn to read or write

61
Q

society in north for Bas

A

public places segregated and a lot of racism

62
Q

society in south for black americans

A

enslaved treated as property
couldn’t use públic facilities without permission
violence

63
Q

limitations of 1862 south carolina freed

A

union refused to commit to ending slavery through whole of usa
some escaped slaves had to do hard labour
lots of opposition to black regiments

64
Q

what moved limited phase to total war

A

sept 1862 lincoln gave confederacy ultimatum and said he would free every last slave permanently if they did not surrender

65
Q

when was the emancipation proclamation

A

1st jan 1863

66
Q

when was the first northern black regiment

A

1863

67
Q

features of the northern black regiment

A

formed from freed slaves
70% northern black men joined union army
whites fought among them and saw them as real people

68
Q

women in union army

A

missionaries
freed slaves
make transition to life outside of plantations
Susie king taylor as a battlefield nurse taught poor white soldiers to read and write

69
Q

how many were taught to read and write by 1865

A

200,000

70
Q

treatment of black soldiers

A

equal pay by 1864
before this treated poorly by white generals and given heavy labour duties eg hauling cannons
black soldiers still couldn’t serve as officers

71
Q

impact of union held land in south rented to white investors

A

freed slaves worked as paid labourers to pick cotton
most slaves only enough money to clothe and feed themselves
whipping banned
ex slaves not allowed to leave plantations

72
Q

when did new york pass a conscription act

A

1863

73
Q

features of conscription act

A

all men 20-45 had to join union army
white working classes outraged and felt forced to fight for freedom of african americans
carried out 4 days of lynching, burning, drowning and beating blac citizens before violence was ended

74
Q

what did general sherman do

A

joined by thousands of freed slaves from the south to march through georgia
promised them 40 acres and a mule taken from slave holders land

75
Q

what was found by inspectors in 1864

A

of 113650 freedmen in the mississippi area
41150 in military service
62300 self sufficient (firemen, field hands, mechanics, businessmen)

76
Q

why did numbers in the union army decrease by 1864

A

gov offered ex slaves 10 a month to act as labourers
but they could earn 45 a month elsewhere
only 10,200 needed aid and assistance

History (28 decks)

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