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History > E E - Lives of the people > Flashcards

E E - Lives of the people Flashcards

1
Q

what were the homes of the gentry like

A

new country houses
over 50 rooms
glazed windows
finely decorated chimneys

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2
Q

what were the food and drinks of the gentry like

A

hosted feasts
expensive food carried on silver platters
exotic meats - swan , pheasant
fish - salmon
sweets - sugar and marzipan
expensive wine

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3
Q

how did the gentry make a living

A

the gentry did not work but earned money from renting out their lands

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4
Q

what were the homes of the middling sort like

A

ten rooms
2 floors
windows , chimneys
less decorated

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5
Q

what was the food and drink for the middling sort like

A

good diet of meat
fruit
bread
beer

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6
Q

how did the middling sort make a living

A

merchants
small business owners
independent farmers

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7
Q

what were the homes of the labouring poor like

A

small one room houses
no chimney
no glazed windows

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8
Q

what was the food of the labouring poor like

A

bread
vegetables from garden made into pottage

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9
Q

how did the labouring poor make a living

A

travelled looking for seasonal work on farms

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10
Q

who chose the partners for the gentry

A

parents

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11
Q

what kind of society was elizabethan society

A

patriarchal
wives obeyed husbands

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12
Q

what were the views on sex before marriage

A

sex outside marriage was forbidden
many couples immediately married if they found out they were pregnant

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13
Q

what were the views on divorce

A

it was difficult
people were encouraged to remarry if their husband or wife died

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14
Q

what were the views on same sex marriage

A

forbidden by the church
kept secret

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15
Q

why were families normally small

A

high rates of infant mortality

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16
Q

when did the gentry’s sons go to school

A

at age 7

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17
Q

where did children in poorer families work?

A

in the home
on the farm

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18
Q

what did children do at age 12 or 13

A

left family homes to work as servants or apprentices

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19
Q

why was wider kinship not that important

A

elizabethan’s didn’t have strong bonds with extended families
most families didn’t live with grandparents uncles or aunts
many people moved away from home
most elizabethans turned to their neighbours for help

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20
Q

how much of the population was in poverty by the 1580s

A

30 percent

21
Q

who were vagrants or vagabonds

A

unemployed people who roamed from town to town looking for work

22
Q

why were the middling sort and gentry very worried about vagrancy

A

worried the vagrants would commit crime
worried that vagrants would spread the plague

23
Q

inflation in E E

A

increased demand increased prices
the prices of wheat increased by 250%

24
Q

Failed harvest in E E

A

the harvest failed in 1595 1596 and 1597 so there was been less wheat

25
Q

Sheep farming in E E

A

english cloth was fashionable so sheep farming became very profitable

26
Q

what was the initial punishment for vagrants

A

whipped and burned through the ear with a hot iron

27
Q

what was the second punishment for vagrants

A

they could be hanged

28
Q

why did the punishments towards vagrants fail

A

they didn’t deal with the causes of poverty

29
Q

what did the 1601 poor law do

A

introduced a system that treated some poor people with more compassion

30
Q

what were the two categories the 1601 poor law separated types of poor into

A

the deserving poor
the undeserving poor

31
Q

who were the deserving poor

A

people who wanted to work but couldn’t

32
Q

who were the undeserving poor

A

people who could work but didn’t

33
Q

how were the deserving poor treated

A

poor relief
materials for work
apprenticeships for young people

34
Q

how were the undeserving poor treated

A

threatened with deterrents such as whipping and hard labour

35
Q

how was the 1601 poor law paid for

A

by a tax called the poor rate

36
Q

how did population increase cause poverty

A

there was an increased demand for what which led to inflation

37
Q

what was the population increase

A

from 2.4 to 4.1 mil

38
Q

why did inflation cause poverty

A

the poor couldn’t afford bread

39
Q

why did failed harvests cause poverty

A

there was further inflation so bread was even more expensive for the poor

40
Q

example of someone in the gentry

A

sir edward phelips

41
Q

facts about sir edward phelips

A

family were landowners in montacute in somerset in fifteenth century
became a successful lawyer, joined parliament and added to wealth and was knighted by king james i
inherited country house montacute house

42
Q

how much of population did settled poor make up

A

80 percent

43
Q

what did settled poor have

A

one room to live in and could earn a little money

44
Q

who made up population of the settled poor

A

many children under 16 who had poor survival, apprentivship and food opportunities
women abandoned by husbands
elderly women

45
Q

how did poor women sometimes earn money

A

spinning yarn, washing clothes or begging

46
Q

response to vagabonds from 1572

A

whipped over 14s and burned their ears
over 18s that were caught were hanged
no shelter allowed for vagrants, could be fined for sheltering them

47
Q

how did york respond to poverty in 1588

A

rogues, vagabonds and beggars put to work in correction houses
people who could work provided with wool and hemp and paid to spin
aged lame given at least 3 half pence a day
wealth of yorks gentry and middling sort assessed and forced to pay poor rate
viewers list poor in the city and place into categories

48
Q

features of 1601 poor law

A

JPs appointed four overseers of the poor who collected poor rate
begging forbidden and vagrants whipped and sent to parish
impotent poor looked after in almshouses and work provided for able bodied.
if refused to work placed in a gool or house of correction for hard labour

49
Q

long term impact of poor law

A

poor responsibility of the state and paid for through local taxation
system lasted until 1834

History (22 decks)

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